Improving the conservation and use of traditional germplasm through breeding for local adaptation: The Case of the Castellfollit del Boix Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Landrace

Autor:	Salvador Soler, Joan Casals, Jaime Prohens, Silvia Sans, Francesc Casañas, Joan Simó, Josep Sabaté, Ana Rivera, María José Díez, Roser Romero del Castillo, Aurora Rull
Přispěvatelé:	Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Agroalimentària i Biotecnologia, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Doctorat en Tecnologia Agroalimentària i Biotecnologia, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. MVCO - Millora Vegetal de Caràcters Organolèptics
Jazyk:	angličtina
Rok vydání:	2019
Předmět:	0106 biological sciences Germplasm Breeding program Beans Conservation Potential Index Biodiversity Context (language use) 01 natural sciences Breeding for low inputs Crop 0404 agricultural biotechnology Genetic erosion Local adaptation biology Agroforestry Germoplasma food and beverages 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences biology.organism_classification 040401 food science GENETICA Landraces Plant genetic resources Phaseolus Agronomy and Crop Science 010606 plant biology & botany Enginyeria agroalimentària::Agricultura [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]
Zdroj:	UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia instname Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya Agronomy Volume 9 Issue 12
DOI:	10.3390/agronomy9120889
Popis:	[EN] The dramatic reduction in the diversity of crops in the last century is often attributed to the consolidation of scientific breeding, probably because the two processes have occurred at the same time. We carried out a breeding program to enhance the Castellfollit del Boix landrace of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in a low-input environment to determine the effects of breeding on a landrace at risk of disappearing. The program increased the number of accessions conserved ex situ and obtained more efficient genotypes that are less likely to be abandoned by farmer without altering the characteristics that consumers appreciate most. As a result, the availability of the product, its promotion, and its use have increased. We propose a Conservation Potential Index to measure the impact of changes in the crop¿s epiphenotype, and also apply it to a set of landraces from several crops. We argue that scientific breeding and information gathered in the context of genetic improvement programs can help to conserve biodiversity when they aim to adapt materials to different local environments, rather than having a negative impact on the biodiversity of crops. This approach contrasts with the genetic erosion that results from efforts to homogenize environments by increasing inputs, so that a few improved varieties adapted to these environments can be grown. This research was funded by Ajuntament de Castellfollit del Boix, Consell Comarcal del Bages and Diputacio de Barcelona.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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