Contributions of Voice and Nonverbal Communication to Perceived Masculinity–Femininity for Cisgender and Transgender Communicators
| Autor: | Kristopher Wells, Carol A. Boliek, Teresa L. D. Hardy, Jana Rieger, Daniel Aalto, Justin Lewicke |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Linguistics and Language medicine.medical_specialty media_common.quotation_subject Audiology Transgender Persons Speech Acoustics Language and Linguistics Speech and Hearing Nonverbal communication Mode (music) Perception Vowel Transgender medicine Humans Nonverbal Communication Set (psychology) media_common Masculinity Femininity Formant Voice Female Psychology Gesture |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research. 63:931-947 |
| ISSN: | 1558-9102 1092-4388 |
| Popis: | Purpose The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to identify a set of communication-based predictors (including both acoustic and gestural variables) of masculinity–femininity ratings and (b) to explore differences in ratings between audio and audiovisual presentation modes for transgender and cisgender communicators. Method The voices and gestures of a group of cisgender men and women ( n = 10 of each) and transgender women ( n = 20) communicators were recorded while they recounted the story of a cartoon using acoustic and motion capture recording systems. A total of 17 acoustic and gestural variables were measured from these recordings. A group of observers ( n = 20) rated each communicator's masculinity–femininity based on 30- to 45-s samples of the cartoon description presented in three modes: audio, visual, and audio visual. Visual and audiovisual stimuli contained point light displays standardized for size. Ratings were made using a direct magnitude estimation scale without modulus. Communication-based predictors of masculinity–femininity ratings were identified using multiple regression, and analysis of variance was used to determine the effect of presentation mode on perceptual ratings. Results Fundamental frequency, average vowel formant, and sound pressure level were identified as significant predictors of masculinity–femininity ratings for these communicators. Communicators were rated significantly more feminine in the audio than the audiovisual mode and unreliably in the visual-only mode. Conclusions Both study purposes were met. Results support continued emphasis on fundamental frequency and vocal tract resonance in voice and communication modification training with transgender individuals and provide evidence for the potential benefit of modifying sound pressure level, especially when a masculine presentation is desired. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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