A Mobile-Based Intervention to Increase Self-esteem in Students With Depressive Symptoms: Randomized Controlled Trial
| Autor: | Steffen Moritz, Alina Bruhns, Thies Lüdtke, Lara Bücker |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Mindfulness
medicine.medical_treatment media_common.quotation_subject Psychological intervention Health Informatics Acceptance and commitment therapy law.invention 03 medical and health sciences depressive symptoms 0302 clinical medicine Randomized controlled trial law medicine Humans Acceptance and Commitment Therapy students’ mental health Students mHealth media_common self-esteem Original Paper mobile phone business.industry Self-esteem Mobile Applications Mental health 030227 psychiatry Cognitive behavioral therapy depression Quality of Life business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery self-help smartphone app Clinical psychology |
| Zdroj: | JMIR mHealth and uHealth |
| ISSN: | 2291-5222 |
| DOI: | 10.2196/26498 |
| Popis: | Background Depressive symptoms are one of the most common and ever-increasing mental health problems among students worldwide. Conventional treatment options, particularly psychotherapy, do not reach all students in need of help. Internet- and mobile-based interventions are promising alternatives for narrowing the treatment gap. Objective In the framework of a randomized controlled trial, we aim to investigate the effectiveness, acceptance, and side effects of a self-help smartphone app (MCT & More) based on cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness, acceptance and commitment therapy, and metacognitive training in a sample of students with self-reported depressive symptoms. Furthermore, we were interested in examining the influence of treatment expectations and attitudes toward internet- and mobile-based interventions on treatment adherence and effectiveness. Methods A total of 400 students were recruited via open access websites and randomized to either the intervention group (n=200), who received access to the self-help smartphone app MCT & More for a period of 4 weeks, or to a wait-list control group (n=200). The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (depression) served as the primary outcome parameter, and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (self-esteem) and the global item of the World Health Organization Quality of Life-abbreviated version (quality of life) served as the secondary outcome parameters. The Attitudes Towards Psychological Online Interventions was used to measure attitudes toward internet- and mobile-based interventions. Outcome expectations were assessed using the Patient Questionnaire on Therapy Expectation and Evaluation, and side effects were assessed using the Inventory for Assessing Negative Effects of Psychotherapy. Results Per-protocol (PP), complete-case, and intention-to-treat analyses showed a significantly higher reduction in depressive symptoms (PP: F1,222=3.98; P=.047; d=0.26) and a significantly higher increase in self-esteem (PP: F1,220=8.79; P=.003; d=0.40) in the intervention group than in the wait-list control group. Most participants regularly used the self-help smartphone app (91/120, 75.8%, at least once a week). The more positive the attitude toward internet- and mobile-based interventions (r=0.260; P=.004) and the more positive the outcome expectation (r=0.236; P=.009), the more frequently the self-help smartphone app was used. Conclusions The effectiveness of the self-help smartphone app MCT & More was demonstrated among students with depressive symptoms compared with a wait-list control group. The app could be offered regularly as a low-threshold intervention to enhance students’ health. Trial Registration German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00020941; https://tinyurl.com/pr84w6er |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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