All-Cause Mortality Among US Veterans of the Persian Gulf War: 13-Year Follow-up
| Autor: | Han K. Kang, Shannon K. Barth, Tim A. Bullman |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Spotlight on Veterans’ Health: After the War Poison control Suicide prevention Occupational safety and health 03 medical and health sciences Young Adult 0302 clinical medicine Environmental health Cause of Death Injury prevention Medicine Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Young adult health care economics and organizations Cause of death Proportional Hazards Models Veterans business.industry Proportional hazards model Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Human factors and ergonomics humanities United States Gulf War Female business geographic locations 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Follow-Up Studies |
| Zdroj: | Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974). 131(6) |
| ISSN: | 1468-2877 |
| Popis: | Objective: We determined cause-specific mortality prevalence and risks of Gulf War deployed and nondeployed veterans to determine if deployed veterans were at greater risk than nondeployed veterans for death overall or because of certain diseases or conditions up to 13 years after conflict subsided. Methods: Follow-up began when the veteran left the Gulf War theater or May 1, 1991, and ended on the date of death or December 31, 2004. We studied 621 901 veterans who served in the 1990-1991 Persian Gulf War and 746 247 veterans who served but were not deployed during the Gulf War. We used Cox proportional hazard models to calculate rate ratios adjusted for age at entry to follow-up, length of follow-up, race, sex, branch of service, and military unit. We compared the mortality of (1) Gulf War veterans with non–Gulf War veterans and (2) Gulf War army veterans potentially exposed to nerve agents at Khamisiyah in March 1991 with those not exposed. We compared standardized mortality ratios of deployed and nondeployed Gulf War veterans with the US population. Results: Male Gulf War veterans had a lower risk of mortality than male non–Gulf War veterans (adjusted rate ratio [aRR] = 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.95-0.99), and female Gulf War veterans had a higher risk of mortality than female non–Gulf War veterans (aRR = 1.15; 95% CI, 1.03-1.28). Khamisiyah-exposed Gulf War army veterans had >3 times the risk of mortality from cirrhosis of the liver than nonexposed army Gulf War veterans (aRR = 3.73; 95% CI, 1.64-8.48). Compared with the US population, female Gulf War veterans had a 60% higher risk of suicide and male Gulf War veterans had a lower risk of suicide (standardized mortality ratio = 0.84; 95% CI, 0.80-0.88). Conclusion: The vital status and mortality risk of Gulf War and non–Gulf War veterans should continue to be investigated. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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