'Green odor' inhalation by rats down-regulates stress-induced increases in Fos expression in stress-related forebrain regions
| Autor: | Michio Miyoshi, Tatsuo Watanabe, Shiori Ueki, Ryoichi Komaki, Mika Fukada, Ai Ito |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Restraint Physical Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System medicine.medical_specialty Sympathetic nervous system Midline Thalamic Nuclei Down-Regulation Pituitary-Adrenal System Hippocampus Cell Count Inhibitory postsynaptic potential Amygdala chemistry.chemical_compound Prosencephalon Corticosterone Internal medicine Piriform cortex Administration Inhalation Weight Loss medicine Animals Rats Wistar Aldehydes General Neuroscience Fear General Medicine Rats Smell Disease Models Animal Endocrinology medicine.anatomical_structure nervous system Odor chemistry Odorants Forebrain Hexanols Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos Biomarkers Stress Psychological psychological phenomena and processes Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus |
| Zdroj: | Neuroscience Research. 65:166-174 |
| ISSN: | 0168-0102 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.neures.2009.06.012 |
| Popis: | In the present study, on rats, a quantitative analysis of Fos protein immunohistochemistry was performed as a way of investigating the effects of inhalation of green odor (a mixture of equal amounts of trans-2-hexenal and cis-3-hexenol) on the neuronal activations in stress-related forebrain regions induced by acute and repeated stress. Rats were exposed to restraint stress for 90 min each day for 1, 2, 4, 7, or 11 consecutive days. The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), amygdala, hippocampus and paraventricular thalamic nucleus (PVT) were examined. Both acute and repeated restraint stress increased Fos-positive cells in the entire hypothalamic PVN, in the central and medial amygdala, and in PVT, although these responses declined upon repeated exposure to such stress. The stress-induced Fos responses were much weaker in rats that inhaled green odor during each day's restraint. No increases in Fos-positive cells were observed in the hippocampus in acutely stressed rats. The Fos-immunoreactive response to acute stress shown by the piriform cortex did not differ significantly between the vehicle + stress and green + stress groups. Green odor had inhibitory effects on the stress-induced corticosterone response, body-weight loss, and adrenal hypertrophy. These results suggest that in rats, green odor inhalation may, in an as yet unknown way, act on the brain to suppress activity in the neuronal networks involved in stress-related responses (such as activation of the hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenocortical axis and activation of the sympathetic nervous system, as well as stress-induced fear responses). |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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