Male-to-Female Ratios, Race/Ethnicity, and Spontaneous Preterm Birth among 11 Million California Infants
| Autor: | Jonathan A. Mayo, Michael L. Eisenberg, Ralph Catalano, Gary M. Shaw, David K. Stevenson |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Race ethnicity Adolescent Ethnic group California Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences Sex Factors 0302 clinical medicine Pregnancy Ethnicity Hospital discharge Humans Medicine 030212 general & internal medicine Proportional Hazards Models Retrospective Studies 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine business.industry Hazard ratio Infant Newborn Obstetrics and Gynecology Middle Aged Confidence interval Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health Educational Status Premature Birth Gestation Term Birth Female business Male to female Maternal Age Demography |
| Zdroj: | American Journal of Perinatology. 38:683-689 |
| ISSN: | 1098-8785 0735-1631 |
| Popis: | Objective An observed disparity in population-scale data are a larger number of males among preterm births (PTBs). We investigated spontaneous PTB risk among women of various race/ethnic groups in combination with infants' sex. Study Design This observational study was conducted in > 10 million California births (1991–2012) using birth certificates linked with maternal and infant hospital discharge data. Results Male-to-female ratios among term (37–42 weeks) infants exhibited the narrow ratio range 1.02 to 1.06 across race/ethnic groups. Such ratios among spontaneous PTBs were generally larger for all race/ethnic groups except non-Hispanic blacks. For blacks, ratios tended to be lower and similar to their term birth counterpart, 1.03. Hazard ratios adjusted for maternal age and education for non-Hispanic blacks were 0.99 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.90–1.09), 1.01 (95% CI 0.95–1.08), 0.98 (95% CI 0.94–1.03), and 1.03 (95% CI 1.01–1.05), respectively, for gestational week groupings of 20 to 23, 24 to 27, 28 to 321, and 32 to 36. Hazard ratios for non-Hispanic whites for the same groupings were 1.08 (95% CI 0.98–1.18), 1.13 (95% CI 1.07–1.19), 1.21 (95% CI 1.17–1.25), and 1.18 (95% CI 1.17–1.19). Conclusion Why male-to-female ratios are similar across gestational ages in blacks but substantially higher in other race/ethnic groups is theoretically considered relative to inflammation, stress, and other influences. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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