Effects of agricultural pesticides in aquafeeds on wild fish feeding on leftover pellets near fish farms
| Autor: | Pål A. Olsvik, Anett Kristin Larsen, Marc H. G. Berntssen, Anders Goksøyr, Odd André Karlsen, Fekadu Yadetie, Monica Sanden, Torstein Kristensen |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Økotoksikologi : 489 [VDP] lcsh:QH426-470 VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Eco-toxicology: 489 Fish farming Aquaculture Steroid biosynthesis Commercial fish feed Eco-toxicology: 489 [VDP] transcriptomics 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Animal science Landbruks- og fiskerifag: 900::Fiskerifag: 920::Akvakultur: 922 [VDP] wild fish exposure VDP::Eco-toxicology: 489 Økotoksikologi: 489 [VDP] fish feed Genetics Gadus Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Eco-toxicology: 489 [VDP] Genetics (clinical) Feces Original Research VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Økotoksikologi : 489 biology business.industry Agriculture and fisheries science: 900::Fisheries science: 920::Aquaculture: 922 [VDP] VDP::Landbruks- og fiskerifag: 900::Fiskerifag: 920::Akvakultur: 922 biology.organism_classification metabolomics lcsh:Genetics VDP::Agriculture and fisheries science: 900::Fisheries science: 920::Aquaculture: 922 030104 developmental biology aquaculture 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Bioaccumulation Molecular Medicine chlorpyrifos-methyl Atlantic cod business insecticides VDP::Økotoksikologi: 489 |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in Genetics Frontiers in Genetics, Vol 10 (2019) |
| Popis: | Source at https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2019.00794. Screening has revealed that modern-day feeds used in Atlantic salmon aquaculture might contain trace amounts of agricultural pesticides. To reach slaughter size, salmon are produced in open net pens in the sea. Uneaten feed pellets and undigested feces deposited beneath the net pens represent a source of contamination for marine organisms. To examine the impacts of long-term and continuous dietary exposure to an organophosphorus pesticide found in Atlantic salmon feed, we fed juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), an abundant species around North Atlantic fish farms, three concentrations (0.5, 4.2, and 23.2 mg/kg) of chlorpyrifos-methyl (CPM) for 30 days. Endpoints included liver and bile bioaccumulation, liver transcriptomics and metabolomics, as well as plasma cholinesterase activity, cortisol, liver 7-ethoxyresor-ufin-O-deethylase activity, and hypoxia tolerance. The results show that Atlantic cod can accumulate relatively high levels of CPM in liver after continuous exposure, which is then metabolized and excreted via the bile. All three exposure concentrations lead to significant inhibition of plasma cholinesterase activity, the primary target of CPM. Transcriptomics profiling pointed to effects on cholesterol and steroid biosynthesis. Metabolite profiling revealed that CPM induced responses reflecting detoxification by glutathione-S-transferase, inhibition of monoacylglycerol lipase, potential inhibition of carboxylesterase, and increased demand for ATP, followed by secondary inflammatory responses. A gradual hypoxia challenge test showed that all groups of exposed fish were less tolerant to low oxygen saturation than the controls. In conclusion, this study suggests that wild fish continuously feeding on leftover pellets near fish farms over time may be vulnerable to organophosphorus pesticides. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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