Behavioural-cardiac interactions: The psychosomatic hypothesis
| Autor: | James A. McCubbin, Alberto Grignolo, Alan W. Langer, Kathleen C. Light, Paul A. Obrist |
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| Rok vydání: | 1978 |
| Předmět: |
Sympathetic Nervous System
Conceptualization Cardiac deceleration Blood Pressure Heart Vagus Nerve Psychophysiologic Disorders Receptors Adrenergic Aversive conditioning Psychiatry and Mental health Clinical Psychology Dogs Heart Rate Hypertension Heart rate Avoidance Learning Animals Conditioning Operant Humans Cardiac Output Vagal tone Muscle activity Psychology Neuroscience Stress Psychological |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 22:301-325 |
| ISSN: | 0022-3999 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/0022-3999(78)90053-3 |
| Popis: | Implicit in the psychobiological conceptualization of the interaction between behavioural and cardiovascular processes is that the cardiovascular adjustments, observed as concomitants of behavioural events, were independent of the basic metabolic functions of the cardiovascular system This is what we mean by the psychosomatic hypothesis. This position has come under critical scrutiny over the past decade because of at least two experimental observations. One, in behavioural paradigms, such as the classical aversive conditioning, heart rate was observed to be primarily under vagal control. In humans, this is expressed as an increase in vagal tone and, hence, cardiac deceleration. This appears to violate our assumptions that sympathetic excitator effects should predominate under such circumstances. Two, these vagal influences were observed to be directly related to striate muscle activity. In this case, one can argue that the heart rate effects reflect nothing more than the changes one might expect under conditions where the cardiovascular system is integrated to meet metabolic demands, such as when one exercises, etc. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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