Impact of chronic maternal stress during early gestation on maternal–fetal stress transfer and fetal stress sensitivity in sheep
| Autor: | Sven Rupprecht, René Schiffner, Matthias Schwab, Harald Schubert, Michelle Dreiling, Sabine Bischoff, Otto W. Witte, Florian Rakers, Nasim Kroegel |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System medicine.medical_specialty Hydrocortisone Physiology Pituitary-Adrenal System Endogeny Norepinephrine (medication) Norepinephrine 03 medical and health sciences Behavioral Neuroscience Fetus 0302 clinical medicine Pregnancy Stress Physiological health services administration Placenta Internal medicine Animals Medicine health care economics and organizations Acidosis Sheep Endocrine and Autonomic Systems business.industry Uterus Blood flow Psychiatry and Mental health 030104 developmental biology Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology medicine.anatomical_structure Endocrinology Social Isolation Gestation Female medicine.symptom business Stress Psychological 030217 neurology & neurosurgery medicine.drug Hormone |
| Zdroj: | Stress. 21:1-10 |
| ISSN: | 1607-8888 1025-3890 |
| DOI: | 10.1080/10253890.2017.1387534 |
| Popis: | Acute stress-induced reduction of uterine blood flow (UBF) is an indirect mechanism of maternal-fetal stress transfer during late gestation. Effects of chronic psychosocial maternal stress (CMS) during early gestation, as may be experienced by many working women, on this stress signaling mechanism are unclear. We hypothesized that CMS in sheep during early gestation augments later acute stress-induced decreases of UBF, and aggravates the fetal hormonal, cardiovascular, and metabolic stress responses during later development. Six pregnant ewes underwent repeated isolation stress (CMS) between 30 and 100 days of gestation (dGA, term: 150 dGA) and seven pregnant ewes served as controls. At 110 dGA, ewes were chronically instrumented and underwent acute isolation stress. The acute stress decreased UBF by 19% in both the CMS and control groups (p < .05), but this was prolonged in CMS versus control ewes (74 vs. 30 min, p < .05). CMS increased fetal circulating baseline and stress-induced cortisol and norepinephrine concentrations indicating a hyperactive hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis and sympathetic-adrenal-medullary system. Increased fetal norepinephrine is endogenous as maternal catecholamines do not cross the placenta. Cortisol in the control but not in the CMS fetuses was correlated with maternal cortisol blood concentrations; these findings indicate: (1) no increased maternal-fetal cortisol transfer with CMS, (2) cortisol production in CMS fetuses when the HPA-axis is normally inactive, due to early maturation of the fetal HPA-axis. CMS fetuses were better oxygenated, without shift towards acidosis compared to the controls, potentially reflecting adaptation to repeated stress. Hence, CMS enhances maternal-fetal stress transfer by prolonged reduction in UBF and increased fetal HPA responsiveness. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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