Double side read-out technique for mitigation of radiation damage effects in PbWO(4) crystals
| Autor: | N. Golubev, M. Korjik, A. Dolgopolov, Sh. Jain, V. Mechinski, Etiennette Auffray, I. Tarasov, Jean-Louis Faure, Sema Zahid, T. Tabarelli de Fatis, Francesca Cavallari, A. Singovski, Marco Toliman Lucchini, Peter R Hobson, Andrea Benaglia, David Ja Cockerill |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Physics
Photomultiplier 010308 nuclear & particles physics business.industry Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors Detector Phase (waves) Photodetector Scintillator 01 natural sciences Vacuum Phototriode Calorimeters Optics 0103 physical sciences Radiation damage Optoelectronics Irradiation LHC Detectors and Experimental Techniques 010306 general physics business Absorption (electromagnetic radiation) Radiation Damage Instrumentation Mathematical Physics |
| Popis: | Test beam results of a calorimetric module based on 3×3×22 cm(3) PbWO(4) crystals, identical to those used in the CMS ECAL Endcaps, read out by a pair of photodetectors coupled to the two opposite sides (front and rear) of each crystal are presented. Nine crystals with different level of induced absorption, from 0 to 20 m(−)(1), have been tested using electrons in the 50–200 GeV energy range. Photomultiplier tubes have been chosen as photodetectors to allow for a precise measurement of highly damaged crystals. The information provided by this double side read-out configuration allows to correct for event-by-event fluctuations of the longitudinal development of electromagnetic showers. By strongly mitigating the effect of non-uniform light collection efficiency induced by radiation damage, the double side read-out technique significantly improves the energy resolution with respect to a single side read-out configuration. The non-linearity of the response arising in damaged crystals is also corrected by a double side read-out configuration and the response linearity of irradiated crystals is restored. In high radiation environments at future colliders, as it will be the case for detectors operating during the High Luminosity phase of the Large Hadron Collider, defects can be created inside the scintillator volume leading to a non-uniform response of the calorimetric cell. The double side read-out technique presented in this study provides a valuable way to improve the performance of calorimeters based on scintillators whose active volumes are characterized by high aspect ratio cells similar to those used in this study. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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