Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Shedding Among Adults With and Without HIV Infection in Uganda
| Autor: | Fred Kambugu, Anna Wald, Corey Casper, Jackson Orem, Meei Li Huang, Lawrence Corey, Elizabeth M Krantz, Warren Phipps, Stacy Selke, Edith Nakku-Joloba |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male 0301 basic medicine medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent viruses Herpesvirus 2 Human Population HIV Infections medicine.disease_cause Major Articles and Brief Reports Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Internal medicine parasitic diseases medicine Humans Simplexvirus Immunology and Allergy Uganda 030212 general & internal medicine Viral shedding education Herpes Genitalis Aged Subclinical infection education.field_of_study business.industry Incidence (epidemiology) Middle Aged Virology Virus Shedding 030104 developmental biology Infectious Diseases Herpes simplex virus Relative risk DNA Viral Female Serostatus business |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Infectious Diseases. 213:439-447 |
| ISSN: | 1537-6613 0022-1899 |
| DOI: | 10.1093/infdis/jiv451 |
| Popis: | BACKGROUND: Despite the high prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) in sub-Saharan Africa the natural history of infection among Africans is not well characterized. We evaluated the frequency of genital HSV shedding in HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative men and women in Uganda. METHODS: Ninety-three HSV-2-seropositive Ugandan adults collected anogenital swab specimens for HSV DNA quantification by polymerase chain reaction 3 times daily for 6 weeks. RESULTS: HSV-2 was detected from 2484 of 11 283 swab specimens collected (22%) with a median quantity of 4.3 log10 HSV copies/mL (range 2.2-8.9 log10 HSV copies/mL). Genital lesions were reported on 749 of 3875 days (19%) and subclinical HSV shedding was detected from 1480 of 9113 swab specimens (16%) collected on days without lesions. Men had higher rates of total HSV shedding (relative risk [RR] 2.0 [95% confidence interval {CI} 1.3-2.9]; P < .001); subclinical shedding (RR 1.7 [95% CI 1.1-2.7]; P = .01) and genital lesions (RR 2.1 [95% CI 1.2-3.4]; P = .005) compared with women. No differences in shedding rates or lesion frequency were observed based on HIV serostatus. CONCLUSIONS: HSV-2 shedding frequency and quantity are high among HSV-2-seropositive adults in sub-Saharan Africa including persons with and those without HIV infection. Shedding rates were particularly high among men which may contribute to the high prevalence of HSV-2 and early acquisition among African women. (c) The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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