Initial evaluations of the effectiveness of spinetoram as a long-acting, oral systemic pulicide for controlling cat flea (Ctenocephalides felis) infestations on dogs
| Autor: | Kari Lynette Riggs, Daniel E. Snyder, David R. Young, Michelle Leigh Totten, W. Hunter White, Christine M. McCoy |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Male Veterinary medicine Cat flea 030231 tropical medicine Spinosad Administration Oral Placebo 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Animal science Dogs Flea Infestations Pharmacokinetics medicine Animals Dog Diseases Ctenocephalides General Veterinary biology Antiparasitic Agents Felis Lethal dose General Medicine 030108 mycology & parasitology biology.organism_classification Antiparasitic agent Treatment Outcome Parasitology Female Macrolides medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Veterinary parasitology. 233 |
| ISSN: | 1873-2550 |
| Popis: | Spinetoram is a semi-synthetic, spinosyn class natural product derived from fermentation by the actinomycete, Saccharopolyspora spinosa. Based on LD50 (50% lethal dose) values against adult cat fleas (Ctenocephalides felis) using an in vitro contact assay, spinetoram was approximately 4-fold more potent than spinosad. Subsequently, two parallel-arm, randomized block design laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of orally administered spinetoram against experimental C. felis infestations on dogs, when administered as a single dose or multiple doses over a 6-12h interval. In the first study, 16 mixed-breed dogs were allocated to two treatment groups of eight dogs each, based on pre-treatment flea retention rates: negative (placebo) control; and a single dose of spinetoram at 30mg/kg. In the second study, 32 mixed- and pure-breed dogs were allocated to four treatments groups of eight dogs each, based on pre-treatment flea retention rates: negative (placebo) control; a single dose of 60mg/kg; three sequential 20mg/kg oral doses evenly administered over a 6h period; and three sequential 20mg/kg oral doses evenly administered over a 12h period. In both studies, treatments were administered to dogs in a fed state in order to enhance absorption of spinetoram. Therapeutic efficacy was assessed 24h after treatment and persistent efficacy was assessed 48h after each subsequent flea infestation. The duration of effectiveness was assessed at approximate weekly intervals beginning on Day 5 through Day 56 in the first study, or through Day 105 in the second study. In both studies, treatment efficacy was ≥99% (geometric means) through 44 d, with ≥99% efficacy continuing through 72 d for all three treatments in the second study. Efficacy remained ≥90% for at least 8 weeks with a single 30mg/kg dose; through 13 weeks with three sequential 20mg/kg doses; and through 15 weeks with a single 60mg/kg dose. For all time points and in both studies, spinetoram-treated groups had significantly fewer live fleas relative to their respective negative control group (p |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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