Gastrointestinal cancer stem cells as targets for innovative immunotherapy

Autor: Lilia Matei, Laura Necula, Irina Alexiu, Mihaela Chivu-Economescu, Ana Iulia Neagu, Carmen C. Diaconu, Denisa Dragu, Coralia Bleotu
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
medicine.medical_treatment
T-Lymphocytes
Review
Cancer Vaccines
03 medical and health sciences
Gastrointestinal cancer
0302 clinical medicine
Immune system
Cancer immunotherapy
Cancer stem cell
Antigens
Neoplasm
medicine
Biomarkers
Tumor
Humans
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Immune checkpoints inhibitors
Gastrointestinal Neoplasms
Innate immune system
Receptors
Chimeric Antigen
business.industry
Cancer stem cells
Dendritic cells vaccines
Gastroenterology
General Medicine
Immunotherapy
Dendritic Cells
Combined Modality Therapy
Chimeric antigen receptor
Immunity
Innate
CAR-T
Killer Cells
Natural
Drug Resistance
Neoplasm
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Cancer cell
Cancer research
Neoplastic Stem Cells
030211 gastroenterology & hepatology
Tumor Escape
Stem cell
Neoplasm Recurrence
Local
business
Zdroj: World Journal of Gastroenterology
ISSN: 2219-2840
1007-9327
Popis: The role of cancer stem cells in gastrointestinal cancer-associated death has been widely recognized. Gastrointestinal cancer stem cells (GCSCs) are considered to be responsible for tumor initiation, growth, resistance to cytotoxic therapies, recurrence and metastasis due to their unique properties. These properties make the current therapeutic trials against GCSCs ineffective. Moreover, recent studies have shown that targeting stem cell surface markers or stemness associated pathways might have an additional off-target effect on the immune system. Recent advances in oncology and precision medicine have opened alternative therapeutic strategies in the form of cancer immunotherapy. This approach differs from classical anti-cancer therapy through its mechanism of action involving the activation and use of a functional immune system against tumor cells, instead of aiming physically destruction of cancer cells through radio- or chemotherapy. New immunological approaches for GCSCs targeting involve the use of different immune cells and various immune mechanisms like targeting specific surface antigens, using innate immune cells like the natural killer and T cells, T-cell chimeric antigen receptor technology, dendritic cell vaccine, or immune checkpoint inhibitors. In this respect, better understandings of immune regulatory mechanisms that govern anti-tumor response bring new hope in obtaining long-term remission for cancer therapy.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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