Adaptive genetic diversity and evidence of population genetic structure in the endangered Sierra Madre Sparrow (Xenospiza baileyi)

Autor: Ricardo Canales-del-Castillo, José I. González-Rojas, Carlos E. Aguirre-Calderón, José G. Ham-Dueñas, Irene Ruvalcaba-Ortega, Gary Voelker
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Conservation genetics
Heredity
Conservation Biology
Social Sciences
Population genetics
Geographical locations
Phylogeny
Conservation Science
education.field_of_study
Multidisciplinary
Ecology
Geography
biology
Biological Evolution
Genetic Mapping
Genetic structure
Conservation Genetics
Medicine
Sparrows
Research Article
Conservation of Natural Resources
Ecological Metrics
Science
Population
Human Geography
Urban Geography
Genetic variation
Genetics
Animals
education
Mexico
Ecosystem
Sierra madre sparrow
Evolutionary Biology
Genetic diversity
Polymorphism
Genetic
Population Biology
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Endangered Species
Biology and Life Sciences
Species Diversity
biology.organism_classification
Genetics
Population
Haplotypes
Genetic Loci
Evolutionary biology
North America
Threatened species
Earth Sciences
Genetic Polymorphism
People and places
human activities
Population Genetics
Microsatellite Repeats
Zdroj: PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 4, p e0232282 (2020)
PLoS ONE
ISSN: 1932-6203
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232282
Popis: The magnitude and distribution of genetic diversity through space and time can provide useful information relating to evolutionary potential and conservation status in threatened species. In assessing genetic diversity in species that are of conservation concern, several studies have focused on the use of Toll-like receptors (TLRs). TLRs are innate immune genes related to pathogen resistance, and polymorphisms may reflect not only levels of functional diversity, but may also be used to assess genetic diversity within and among populations. Here, we combined four potentially adaptive markers (TLRs) with one mitochondrial (COI) marker to evaluate genetic variation in the endangered Sierra Madre Sparrow (Xenospiza baileyi). This species offers an ideal model to investigate population and evolutionary genetic processes that may be occurring in a habitat restricted endangered species with disjunct populations (Mexico City and Durango), the census sizes of which differ by an order of magnitude. TLRs diversity in the Sierra Madre Sparrow was relatively high, which was not expected given its two small, geographically isolated populations. Genetic diversity was different (but not significantly so) between the two populations, with less diversity seen in the smaller Durango population. Population genetic structure between populations was due to isolation and different selective forces acting on different TLRs; population structure was also evident in COI. Reduction of genetic diversity in COI was observed over 20 years in the Durango population, a result likely caused by habitat loss, a factor which may be the main cause of diversity decline generally. Our results provide information related to the ways in which adaptive variation can be altered by demographic changes due to human-mediated habitat alterations. Furthermore, our findings may help to guide conservation schemes for both populations and their restricted habitat.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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