Atherosclerosis-Driven Treg Plasticity Results in Formation of a Dysfunctional Subset of Plastic IFNγ + Th1/Tregs
| Autor: | Christopher M. McGary, Matthew J. Butcher, Mark Boldin, Elena V. Galkina, Kevin J. Crow, Tayab C. Waseem, Nathaniel Magilnick, Patric Lundberg, Adam R. Filipowicz |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
0301 basic medicine Physiology Cell Plasticity chemical and pharmacologic phenomena Inflammation Dysfunctional family 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology Biology T-Lymphocytes Regulatory Treg cell Article Interferon-gamma Mice 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Immune system T-Lymphocyte Subsets medicine Forkhead Box Humans Animals Immune homeostasis Mice Knockout Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit Forkhead Transcription Factors hemic and immune systems Th1 Cells Atherosclerosis Mice Inbred C57BL 030104 developmental biology Immunology medicine.symptom Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine |
| Zdroj: | Circulation Research. 119:1190-1203 |
| ISSN: | 1524-4571 0009-7330 |
| Popis: | Rationale: Forkhead box P3 + T regulatory cells (Tregs) are key players in maintaining immune homeostasis. Evidence suggests that Tregs respond to environmental cues to permit or suppress inflammation. In atherosclerosis, Th1-driven inflammation affects Treg homeostasis, but the mechanisms governing this phenomenon are unclear. Objective: Here, we address whether atherosclerosis impacts Treg plasticity and functionality in Apoe − /− mice, and what effect Treg plasticity might have on the pathology of atherosclerosis. Methods and Results: We demonstrate that atherosclerosis promotes Treg plasticity, resulting in the reduction of CXCR3 + Tregs and the accumulation of an intermediate Th1-like interferon (IFN)-γ + CCR5 + Treg subset (Th1/Tregs) within the aorta. Importantly, Th1/Tregs arise in atherosclerosis from bona fide Tregs, rather than from T-effector cells. We show that Th1/Tregs recovered from atherosclerotic mice are dysfunctional in suppression assays. Using an adoptive transfer system and plasticity-prone Mir146a −/− Tregs, we demonstrate that elevated IFNγ + Mir146a −/− Th1/Tregs are unable to adequately reduce atherosclerosis, arterial Th1, or macrophage content within Apoe −/− mice, in comparison to Mir146a +/+ Tregs. Finally, via single-cell RNA-sequencing and real-time -polymerase chain reaction, we show that Th1/Tregs possess a unique transcriptional phenotype characterized by coexpression of Treg and Th1 lineage genes and a downregulation of Treg-related genes, including Ikzf2 , Ikzf4, Tigit, Lilrb4 , and Il10 . In addition, an ingenuity pathway analysis further implicates IFNγ, IFNα, interleukin-2, interleukin-7, CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated protein 4), T-cell receptor, and Csnk2b-related pathways in regulating Treg plasticity. Conclusions: Atherosclerosis drives Treg plasticity, resulting in the accumulation of dysfunctional IFNγ + Th1/Tregs that may permit further arterial inflammation and atherogenesis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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