Roles of estrogen receptor-alpha in mediating life span: the hypothalamic deregulation hypothesis
| Autor: | Gizem Efe, Morvarid Mehdizadeh, Arvin M. Gouw, George A. Brooks, Rita Barakat, Steven A. Garan, Andrew Preecha |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty Physiology Longevity Hypothalamus Biology Amygdala Models Biological Supraoptic nucleus 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Limbic system Arcuate nucleus Stress Physiological Internal medicine Genetics medicine Animals Humans Sex Characteristics Suprachiasmatic nucleus Estrogen Receptor alpha Preoptic area 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Endocrinology nervous system Periventricular nucleus hormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonists 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Physiological genomics. 49(2) |
| ISSN: | 1531-2267 |
| Popis: | In several species caloric restriction (CR) extends life span. In this paper we integrate data from studies on CR and other sources to articulate the hypothalamic deregulation hypothesis by which estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-α) signaling in the hypothalamus and limbic system affects life span under the stress of CR in mammals. ER-α is one of two principal estrogen-binding receptors differentially expressed in the amygdala, hippocampus, and several key hypothalamic nuclei: the arcuate nucleus (ARN), preoptic area (POA), ventromedial nucleus (VMN), antero ventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV), paraventricular nucleus (PVN), supraoptic nucleus (SON), and suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Estradiol signaling via ER-α is essential in basal level functioning of reproductive cycle, sexually receptive behaviors, physiological stress responses, as well as sleep cycle, and other nonsexual behaviors. When an organism is placed under long-term CR, which introduces an external stress to this ER-α signaling, the reduction of ER-α expression is attenuated over time in the hypothalamus. This review paper seeks to characterize the downstream effects of ER-α in the hypothalamus and limbic system that affect normal endocrine functioning. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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