Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Breakthrough Candidemia in 71 Hematologic Malignancy Patients and/or Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients: A Single-center Retrospective Study From China, 2011–2018
| Autor: | Xiao-Chen Chen, Depei Wu, Jie Xu |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Microbiology (medical) China medicine.medical_specialty Antifungal Agents medicine.medical_treatment 030106 microbiology Single Center 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Risk Factors Internal medicine Humans Medicine 030212 general & internal medicine Survival analysis Retrospective Studies business.industry Septic shock Proportional hazards model Incidence (epidemiology) Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Candidemia Retrospective cohort study medicine.disease Transplantation Infectious Diseases Hematologic Neoplasms business Central venous catheter |
| Zdroj: | Clinical Infectious Diseases. 71:S394-S399 |
| ISSN: | 1537-6591 1058-4838 |
| Popis: | Background Antifungal prophylaxis may result in breakthrough infections in hematology patients with severe agranulocytosis, with few studies assessing risk factors and clinical outcomes of breakthrough candidemia. We described the distribution of Candida species, assessed risk factors for mortality in such patients, and determined differences in the incidence and mortality of breakthrough candidemia between patients who did or did not receive an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Methods We collected clinical and microbiological data of patients with hematologic malignancies and breakthrough candidemia from a single center. Seven-day and 30-day follow-up outcomes were recorded; the incidence and mortality of breakthrough candidemia between patients who did or did not undergo an allogeneic transplant were compared. Kaplan-Meier survival estimates were used to generate survival curves, and predictors were identified using Cox regression analyses. Results Of 71 enrolled patients, 17 received allogeneic transplants. Incidences of breakthrough candidemia were 17 of 2924 (0.58%) and 54 of 12 015 (0.45%) in the transplant and nontransplant groups, respectively (P = .35). The most common isolate was Candida tropicalis, and antifungal agent combinations were the most common first-line treatment. Cumulative mortality rates of patients were 21.1% and 31.0% at days 7 and 30, respectively, and they significantly differed between both groups. Septic shock, central venous catheter removal, and granulocyte recovery were significantly associated with 7-day mortality; the latter 2 remained independent predictors of 30-day mortality. Conclusions Breakthrough candidemia-related mortality was higher in the allogeneic transplant group, although the incidence was not significantly different between the groups. Prompt and adequate antifungal treatment with catheter removal may reduce mortality. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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