Influence of soil surface features and vegetation on runoff and erosion in the Western Sierra Madre (Durango, Northwest Mexico)
| Autor: | David Viramontes, Michel Esteves, Michel Vauclin, Luc Descroix, J.L. Gonzalez Barrios |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2001 |
| Předmět: |
COUVERT VEGETAL
Soil science ETAT DE SURFACE DU SOL SOL DEGRADE RUISSELLEMENT Soil retrogression and degradation STABILITE STRUCTURALE MONTAGNE Earth-Surface Processes Hydrology Topsoil MATIERE ORGANIQUE PATURAGE Soil morphology PROPRIETE HYDRIQUE Infiltration (hydrology) ERODIBILITE DU SOL Erosion PENTE SUREXPLOITATION CROUTE D'ALTERATION WEPP EROSION HYDRIQUE Soil conservation Surface runoff UTILISATION DU SOL TEXTURE DU SOL Geology |
| Popis: | In mountainous areas, runoff and soil erosion are closely linked to soil surface features, particularly stoniness. Depending on the size of rock fragments (gravel, pebbles, stones and/or blocks) and especially the way they are integrated into the soil matrix, they may facilitate or hinder infiltration and promote soil losses. The present study examines the role of different soil surface features and their influence on runoff formation and on soil erosion in an area seriously affected by overgrazing. Based on measurements made on hillslopes for 2 years at the plot scale, the results show that grass cover, pebbles and sand content increase runoff and erosion. Inversely, slope value, tree cover percentage, structural stability and organic matter content are negatively correlated with runoff and soil losses. It is shown that the correlations can be explained by the major role played by the surface features on hydrologic behaviour of the hillslopes. Two main surface features were identified and hydraulically characterised, namely: (i) crusted surfaces with embedded gravel widespread on gentle slopes which induce high runoff and erosion rates; and (ii) stony surfaces, where free pebbles and blocks protect the top soil against raindrops and overland flow kinetic energy and lead to reduce runoff and soil losses. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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