Development and validation of a 21-item challenges to stopping smoking (CSS-21) scale
Autor: | Billie Bonevski, Dennis Thomas, Gregory Weeks, Johnson George, Michael J. Abramson, Susan Poole, Andrew Mackinnon, Michael J. Dooley, Simone E Taylor |
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Rok vydání: | 2016 |
Předmět: |
Adult
Male validity medicine.medical_specialty Psychometrics medicine.medical_treatment challenges 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Surveys and Questionnaires Internal consistency Humans Medicine 030212 general & internal medicine Psychiatry Smoking and Tobacco Aged Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic reliability 030505 public health business.industry Research Smoking Australia Reproducibility of Results tool Mean age General Medicine Middle Aged Polychoric correlation Exploratory factor analysis Socioeconomic Factors Expert opinion Scale (social sciences) Smoking cessation Female Smoking Cessation Factor Analysis Statistical 0305 other medical science business Clinical psychology |
Zdroj: | BMJ Open |
ISSN: | 2044-6055 |
Popis: | Objective Identification of challenges associated with quitting and overcoming them may improve cessation outcomes. This study describes the development and initial validation of a scale for measuring challenges to stopping smoking. Methods The item pool was generated from empirical and theoretical literature and existing scales, expert opinion and interviews with smokers and ex-smokers. The questionnaire was administered to smokers and recent quitters who participated in a hospital-based smoking cessation trial. Exploratory factor analysis was performed to identify subscales in the questionnaire. Internal consistency, validity and robustness of the subscales were evaluated. Results Of a total of 182 participants with a mean age of 55 years (SD 12.8), 128 (70.3%) were current smokers and 54 (29.7%) ex-smokers. Factor analysis of the 21-item questionnaire resulted in a 2-factor solution representing items measuring intrinsic (9 items) and extrinsic (12 items) challenges. This structure was stable in various analyses and the 2 factors accounted for 50.7% of the total variance of the polychoric correlations between the items. Internal consistency (Cronbach9s α) coefficients for the intrinsic and extrinsic subscales were 0.86 and 0.82, respectively. Compared with ex-smokers, current smokers had a higher mean score (±SD) for intrinsic (24.0±6.4 vs 20.5±7.4, p=0.002) and extrinsic subscales (22.3±7.5 vs 18.6±6.0, p=0.001). Conclusions Initial evaluation suggests that the 21-item challenges to stopping smoking scale is a valid and reliable instrument that can be used in research and clinical settings to assess challenges to stopping smoking. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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