Horizontally-acquired HIV infection in Kenyan and Swazi children
| Autor: | D D Brewer, John J. Potterat, M Okinyi |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Sexually transmitted disease Adolescent Iatrogenic Disease Population HIV Infections Dermatology Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Environmental health Blood-Borne Pathogens Disease Transmission Infectious medicine Humans Pharmacology (medical) Sibling Child Sida education education.field_of_study biology business.industry Transmission (medicine) Siblings Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health virus diseases medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Kenya Infectious Diseases Case-Control Studies Child Preschool Immunology HIV-1 Female business Eswatini Malaria Horizontal transmission |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of STD & AIDS. 20:852-857 |
| ISSN: | 1758-1052 0956-4624 |
| Popis: | Despite many reports of HIV-infected African children who have HIV-uninfected mothers, little is known about the extent and modes of horizontal HIV transmission in African children. We estimated the extent of horizontal HIV transmission in Swazi children by comparing child and mother HIV statuses in the 2006–2007 Swaziland Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). To identify correlates of horizontal HIV transmission, we conducted a case-control study of Kenyan children with horizontally acquired HIV infections and their uninfected siblings. Of 50 HIV-positive Swazi children in the DHS, 11 (weighted percent = 20, 95% confidence interval 11–33%) had HIV-negative mothers. These 11 children represented 0.6% of all Swazi children aged 2–12 who lived with their mothers. In the Kenyan study, children with horizontally acquired HIV infections had more kinds of blood exposures than their uninfected siblings. In particular, punctures related to health care for suspected malaria (phlebotomy, injection and infusion), injections while hospitalized and dental surgery (especially by informal providers) were more common in infected children. Horizontal HIV transmission appears to be common in some sub-Saharan African countries, and blood exposures seem to be the most likely routes of transmission. Rigorous surveillance and investigation of horizontally acquired HIV infection in children are urgently needed, along with universal public education about risks of specific blood exposures and ways to avoid them. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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