Plasma Apolipoprotein E3 and Glucose Levels Are Associated in APOE ɛ3/ɛ4 Carriers
| Autor: | Wendy Lee, Hillary Protas, Eric M. Reiman, Anna Edlund, Richard J. Caselli, Yi Su, Henrietta M. Nielsen, Kewei Chen |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Blood Glucose
Male 0301 basic medicine Apolipoprotein E Heterozygote insulin medicine.medical_specialty Apolipoprotein B medicine.medical_treatment Apolipoprotein E4 Apolipoprotein E3 Neuropsychological Tests Carbohydrate metabolism cerebral glucose metabolism 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Alzheimer Disease Internal medicine medicine Humans Glucose oxidase Gray Matter glucose Aged apolipoprotein E biology medicine.diagnostic_test business.industry General Neuroscience Insulin Brain General Medicine Neuropsychological test Middle Aged Magnetic Resonance Imaging Peripheral Psychiatry and Mental health Clinical Psychology 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology biology.protein Female lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins) Geriatrics and Gerontology business Body mass index APOE 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Research Article |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Alzheimer's Disease |
| ISSN: | 1875-8908 1387-2877 |
| Popis: | Background: Altered cerebral glucose metabolism, especially prominent in APOE ɛ4 carriers, occurs years prior to symptoms in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We recently found an association between a higher ratio of plasma apolipoprotein E4 (apoE4) over apoE3, and cerebral glucose hypometabolism in cognitively healthy APOE ɛ3/ɛ4 subjects. Plasma apoE does not cross the blood-brain barrier, hence we speculate that apoE is linked to peripheral glucose metabolism which is known to affect glucose metabolism in the brain. Objective: Explore potential associations between levels of plasma insulin and glucose with previously acquired plasma apoE, cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (CMRgl), gray matter volume, and neuropsychological test scores. Methods: Plasma insulin and glucose levels were determined by ELISA and a glucose oxidase assay whereas apoE levels were earlier quantified by mass-spectrometry in 128 cognitively healthy APOE ɛ3/ɛ4 subjects. Twenty-five study subjects had previously undergone FDG-PET and structural MRI. Results: Lower plasma apoE3 associated with higher plasma glucose but not insulin in male subjects and subjects with a body mass index above 25. Negative correlations were found between plasma glucose and CMRgl in the left prefrontal and bilateral occipital regions. These associations may have functional implications since glucose levels in turn were negatively associated with neuropsychological test scores. Conclusion: Plasma apoE3 but not apoE4 may be involved in insulin-independent processes governing plasma glucose levels. Higher plasma glucose, which negatively affects brain glucose metabolism, was associated with lower plasma apoE levels in APOE ɛ3/ɛ4 subjects. High plasma glucose and low apoE levels may be a hazardous combination leading to an increased risk of AD. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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