Bone conducted vibration activates the vestibulo-ocular reflex in the guinea pig
| Autor: | Vedran Vulovic, Ian S. Curthoys |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
genetic structures
Eye Movements Guinea Pigs Stimulation Stimulus (physiology) Vibration otorhinolaryngologic diseases medicine Evoked Potentials Auditory Brain Stem Animals Humans Vestibular system business.industry General Neuroscience Skull Eye movement Anatomy Reflex Vestibulo-Ocular eye diseases Anti-Bacterial Agents Cochlea medicine.anatomical_structure Vestibule Reflex Human eye sense organs Vestibule Labyrinth Vestibulo–ocular reflex Gentamicins business Bone Conduction |
| Zdroj: | Brain research bulletin. 86(1-2) |
| ISSN: | 1873-2747 |
| Popis: | The aim of the study was: (a) to test whether short duration (6 ms) 500 Hz bone-conducted vibration (BCV) of the skull in alert head free guinea pigs would elicit eye movements; (b) to test whether these eye movements were vestibular in origin; and (c) to determine whether they corresponded to human eye movements to such stimuli. In this way we sought to establish the guinea pig as an acceptable model for testing the mechanism of the effect BCV on the vestibulo-ocular reflex. Consistent short-latency stimulus-locked responses to BCV were observed. The magnitude of eye displacement was directly related to stimulus intensity as recorded by accelerometers cemented onto the animal's skull. The strongest and most consistent response component was intorsion of both eyes. In lateral-eyed animals intorsion is produced by the combined contraction of the inferior rectus and superior oblique muscles. In humans the same pair of muscles acts to cause depression of the eye. To test whether the movements were vestibular we selectively ablated the vestibular endorgans: 3 of the 8 animals underwent a bilateral intratympanic injection of gentamicin, an ototoxic aminoglycoside antibiotic, to ablate their vestibular receptors. After ablation there was an overall reduction in the magnitude of eye displacement, as well as a reduction in the effectiveness of the BCV stimulus to elicit eye movements. The animals' hearing, as measured by the threshold for auditory brainstem responses, remained unchanged after gentamicin, confirming that the cochlea was not affected. The reduced magnitude of responses after vestibular receptor ablation demonstrates that the eye-movement responses to BCV are probably caused by the stimulation of vestibular receptors, which in turn activate the vestibulo-ocular reflex. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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