CRISPR-based strategies in infectious disease diagnosis and therapy
| Autor: | Alexandra Binnie, Emanuel Fernandes, Hélder Almeida-Lousada, Ramon Andrade de Mello, Pedro Castelo-Branco |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Microbiology (medical) CRISPR gene editing Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 030106 microbiology Computational biology Review Biology Defence system Diagnostic system Communicable Diseases 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Infectious disease diagnosis Genome editing CRISPR Animals Humans Pandemic viruses 030212 general & internal medicine Molecular Targeted Therapy Gene Editing Viral infections Bacteria General Medicine 3. Good health Molecular Diagnostic Techniques Viral genomes Viruses Infectious diseases Narrative review CRISPR-Cas Systems Resistant bacteria |
| Zdroj: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) instacron:RCAAP Infection |
| Popis: | Purpose CRISPR gene-editing technology has the potential to transform the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases, but most clinicians are unaware of its broad applicability. Derived from an ancient microbial defence system, these so-called “molecular scissors” enable precise gene editing with a low error rate. However, CRISPR systems can also be targeted against pathogenic DNA or RNA sequences. This potential is being combined with innovative delivery systems to develop new therapeutic approaches to infectious diseases. Methods We searched Pubmed and Google Scholar for CRISPR-based strategies in the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. Reference lists were reviewed and synthesized for narrative review. Results CRISPR-based strategies represent a novel approach to many challenging infectious diseases. CRISPR technologies can be harnessed to create rapid, low-cost diagnostic systems, as well as to identify drug-resistance genes. Therapeutic strategies, such as CRISPR systems that cleave integrated viral genomes or that target resistant bacteria, are in development. CRISPR-based therapies for emerging viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2, have also been proposed. Finally, CRISPR systems can be used to reprogram human B cells to produce neutralizing antibodies. The risks of CRISPR-based therapies include off-target and on-target modifications. Strategies to control these risks are being developed and a phase 1 clinical trials of CRISPR-based therapies for cancer and monogenic diseases are already underway. Conclusions CRISPR systems have broad applicability in the field of infectious diseases and may offer solutions to many of the most challenging human infections. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|