Sympatric speciation of spiny mice, Acomys , unfolded transcriptomically at Evolution Canyon, Israel
| Autor: | Zhen Long Wang, Matěj Lövy, Eviatar Nevo, Kexin Li, Huihua Wang, Qinqin Xu, Zhenyuan Cai, Liuyang Wang |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Gene Flow
0106 biological sciences 0301 basic medicine Genetic Speciation Population Balancing selection Polymorphism Single Nucleotide 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Gene flow 03 medical and health sciences Animals Israel education education.field_of_study Multidisciplinary Natural selection biology Ecology Brain Murinae Microclimate Biological Sciences biology.organism_classification Biological Evolution 030104 developmental biology Mate choice Sympatric speciation Evolutionary biology Transcriptome |
| Zdroj: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 113:8254-8259 |
| ISSN: | 1091-6490 0027-8424 |
| DOI: | 10.1073/pnas.1608743113 |
| Popis: | Spiny mice, Acomys cahirinus, colonized Israel 30,000 y ago from dry tropical Africa and inhabited rocky habitats across Israel. Earlier, we had shown by mtDNA that A. cahirinus incipiently sympatrically speciates at Evolution Canyon I (EC I) in Mount Carmel, Israel because of microclimatic interslope divergence. The EC I microsite consists of a dry and hot savannoid "African" slope (AS) and an abutting humid and cool-forested "European" slope (ES). Here, we substantiate incipient SS in A. cahirinus at EC I based on the entire transcriptome, showing that multiple slope-specific adaptive complexes across the transcriptome result in two divergent clusters. Tajima's D distribution of the abutting Acomys interslope populations shows that the ES population is under stronger positive selection, whereas the AS population is under balancing selection, harboring higher genetic polymorphisms. Considerable sites of the two populations were differentiated with a coefficient of FST = 0.25-0.75. Remarkably, 24 and 37 putatively adaptively selected genes were detected in the AS and ES populations, respectively. The AS genes involved DNA repair, growth arrest, neural cell differentiation, and heat-shock proteins adapting to the local AS stresses of high solar radiation, drought, and high temperature. In contrast, the ES genes involved high ATP associated with energetics stress. The sharp ecological interslope divergence led to strong slope-specific selection overruling the interslope gene flow. Earlier tests suggested slope-specific mate choice. Habitat interslope-adaptive selection across the transcriptome and mate choice substantiate sympatric speciation (SS), suggesting its prevalence at EC I and commonality in nature. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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