Long-Term Sentinel Surveillance for Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and Non-O157 Shiga Toxin-Producing E. coli in Minnesota
| Autor: | Craig W. Hedberg, Carlota Medus, John M. Besser, Kirk E. Smith, Billie A. Juni, Victoria Lappi, Bonnie S. Koziol |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli
0301 basic medicine Salmonella 030106 microbiology medicine.disease_cause digestive system Major Articles pathogenic Escherichia coli Microbiology 03 medical and health sciences fluids and secretions Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli Pathogenic Escherichia coli STX2 Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Medicine Shigella Pathogen Escherichia coli biology business.industry Campylobacter bacterial infections and mycoses biology.organism_classification Virology Infectious Diseases Oncology business |
| Zdroj: | Open Forum Infectious Diseases |
| ISSN: | 2328-8957 |
| Popis: | Sentinel surveillance in Minnesota revealed that enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) and non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing E. coli are common enteric pathogens; ETEC was the second leading bacterial pathogen in an urban site; 39% of ETEC were domestically acquired. Background. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) and non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) are not detected by conventional culture methods. The prevalence of ETEC infections in the United States is unknown, and recognized cases are primarily associated with foreign travel. Gaps remain in our understanding of STEC epidemiology. Methods. Two sentinel surveillance sites were enrolled: an urban health maintenance organization laboratory (Laboratory A) and a rural hospital laboratory (Laboratory B). Residual sorbitol MacConkey (SMAC) plates from stool cultures performed at Laboratory A (1996–2006) and Laboratory B (2000–2008) were collected. Colony sweeps from SMAC plates were tested for genes encoding STEC toxins stx1 and stx2 (1996–2008) and ETEC heat-labile and heat-stable toxins eltB, estA 1, 2 and 3 (2000–2008) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays. Results. In Laboratory A, a bacterial pathogen was identified in 7.0% of 21 970 specimens. During 1996–2006, Campylobacter was the most common bacterial pathogen (2.7% of cultures), followed by Salmonella (1.2%), Shigella (1.0%), and STEC (0.9%). Among STEC (n = 196), O157 was the most common serogroup (31%). During 2000–2006, ETEC (1.9%) was the second most common bacterial pathogen after Campylobacter (2.6%). In Laboratory B, of 19 293 specimens tested, a bacterial pathogen was identified for 5.5%, including Campylobacter (2.1%), STEC (1.3%), Salmonella (1.0%), and ETEC (0.8%). Among STEC (n = 253), O157 was the leading serogroup (35%). Among ETEC cases, 61% traveled internationally. Conclusions. Enterotoxigenic E. coli and STEC infections were as common as most other enteric bacterial pathogens, and ETEC may be detected more frequently by culture-independent multiplex PCR diagnostic methods. A high proportion of ETEC cases were domestically acquired. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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