A neuroscientific evaluation of driver rehabilitation: Functional neuroimaging demonstrates the effectiveness of empathy induction in altering brain responses during social information processing

Autor: Beáta Havlice Špiláková, Miguel Salazar, Kristína Czekóová, Veronika Kurečková, Pavel Řezáč, Petr Zámečník, Milan Brázdil, Daniel Joel Shaw
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Male
medicine.medical_treatment
Social Sciences
Poison control
Transportation
Geographical locations
Diagnostic Radiology
0302 clinical medicine
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Cerebellum
Medicine and Health Sciences
Psychology
Cooperative Behavior
Czech Republic
media_common
Cerebral Cortex
Brain Mapping
Multidisciplinary
Rehabilitation
Radiology and Imaging
05 social sciences
Accidents
Traffic
Brain
Cognition
Transportation Infrastructure
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Europe
Neurology
Physical Sciences
Engineering and Technology
Medicine
Anatomy
Safety
Research Article
Cognitive psychology
Adult
Automobile Driving
Competitive Behavior
Imaging Techniques
Permutation
media_common.quotation_subject
Science
Neuroimaging
Empathy
Models
Psychological
Research and Analysis Methods
Civil Engineering
050105 experimental psychology
Traffic psychology
Rehabilitation Medicine
Social information processing
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
Diagnostic Medicine
Functional neuroimaging
medicine
Humans
media_common.cataloged_instance
Interpersonal Relations
0501 psychology and cognitive sciences
European Union
European union
Social Behavior
Behavior
Discrete Mathematics
Functional Neuroimaging
Biology and Life Sciences
Roads
Combinatorics
Case-Control Studies
Neurorehabilitation
People and places
human activities
Mathematics
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Neuroscience
Zdroj: PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 4, p e0232222 (2020)
PLoS ONE
ISSN: 1932-6203
Popis: An alarming number of traffic-related deaths occur each year on European roads alone. Figures reveal that the vast majority of road-traffic accidents are caused by drivers themselves, and so further improvements in road safety require developments in driver training and rehabilitation. This study evaluated a novel approach to driver rehabilitation-specifically, empathy induction as a means of changing attitudes towards risky driving. To assess the effectiveness of this method, the present study employed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to compare brain function before and after a short program of empathy induction in 27 drivers whose licenses had been revoked after serious traffic offences (rehabilitated drivers [RDs]). In an extension of our previous research, we first assessed whether neural responses to empathy-eliciting social stimuli changed in these RDs. In order to isolate the neurophysiological effects of empathy induction from any other potential influences, we compared these RDs to a sample of 27 age-, handedness- and driving experience-matched control drivers (CDs) who had no exposure to the program. We then performed dual-fMRI "hyperscanning" to evaluate whether empathy induction changed brain responses during real-world social interactions among drivers; namely, during co-operative and/or competitive exchanges. Our data reveal that RDs exhibited weaker brain responses to socio-emotional stimuli compared with CDs prior to the program, but this difference was reversed after empathy induction. Moreover, we observed differences between pre- and post-program assessments in patterns of brain responses in RDs elicited during competitive social exchanges, which we interpret to reflect a change in their proclivity to react to the perceived wrong-doing of other road users. Together, these findings suggest that empathy induction is an effective form of driver rehabilitation, and the utility of neuroscientific techniques for evaluating and improving rehabilitation programs.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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