Poor humoral and T-cell response to two-dose SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA vaccine BNT162b2 in cardiothoracic transplant recipients

Autor: Cornelius Knabbe, Udo Boeken, Rasmus Rivinius, Benjamin Müller, Angelika Costard-Jäckle, Zdenek Provaznik, René Schramm, Bastian Fischer, Assad Haneya, Jan Gummert
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Male
T-Lymphocytes
Booster dose
BioNTech/Pfizer (BNT162b2) vaccine
Antibodies
Viral
Covid-19 infection
Organ transplantation
0302 clinical medicine
Immunogenicity
Vaccine
030212 general & internal medicine
Immunity
Cellular
biology
Immunogenicity
Vaccination
General Medicine
Middle Aged
Cardiology
Immunocompromised patients
Female
Antibody
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Immunosuppressive Agents
Lung Transplantation
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty
COVID-19 Vaccines
Adolescent
Heart-Lung Transplantation
QuantiFERON
03 medical and health sciences
Immunocompromised Host
Young Adult
Immune system
Internal medicine
medicine
Humans
Seroconversion
BNT162 Vaccine
Immunization Schedule
Aged
Transplant recipients
Original Paper
business.industry
COVID-19
Antibodies
Neutralizing
Immunity
Humoral
030104 developmental biology
Case-Control Studies
Immunology
biology.protein
Heart Transplantation
business
Zdroj: Clinical Research in Cardiology
ISSN: 1861-0692
1861-0684
Popis: Aims Immunocompromised patients have been excluded from studies of SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA vaccines. The immune response to vaccines against other infectious agents has been shown to be blunted in such patients. We aimed to analyse the humoral and cellular response to prime-boost vaccination with the BNT162b2 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech) in cardiothoracic transplant recipients. Methods and results A total of 50 transplant patients [1–3 years post heart (42), lung (7), or heart–lung (1) transplant, mean age 55 ± 10 years] and a control group of 50 healthy staff members were included. Blood samples were analysed 21 days after the prime and the boosting dose, respectively, to quantify anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S) immunoglobulin titres (tested by Abbott, Euroimmun and RocheElecsys Immunoassays, each) and the functional inhibitory capacity of neutralizing antibodies (Genscript). To test for a specific T-cell response, heparinized whole blood was stimulated with SARS-CoV-2 specific peptides, covering domains of the viral spike, nucleocapsid and membrane protein, and the interferon-γ release was measured (QuantiFERON Monitor ELISA, Qiagen). The vast majority of transplant patients (90%) showed neither a detectable humoral nor a T-cell response three weeks after the completed two-dose BNT162b2 vaccination; these results are in sharp contrast to the robust immunogenicity seen in the control group: 98% exhibited seroconversion after the prime dose already, with a further significant increase of IgG titres after the booster dose (average > tenfold increase), a more than 90% inhibition capability of neutralizing antibodies as well as evidence of a T-cell responsiveness. Conclusions The findings of poor immune responses to a two-dose BNT162b2 vaccination in cardiothoracic transplant patients have a significant impact for organ transplant recipients specifically and possibly for immunocompromised patients in general. It urges for a review of future vaccine strategies in these patients.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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