Characterization of Danio rerio Nanog and functional comparison to Xenopus Vents
| Autor: | Walter Knöchel, Karin Bundschu, Maximilian Schuff, Cornelia Donow, Melanie Philipp, Doreen Siegel, Nicole Heymann |
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| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Homeobox protein NANOG
animal structures Embryo Nonmammalian Rex1 Xenopus Danio Embryonic Development Xenopus Proteins Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Mice Xenopus laevis Species Specificity Original Research Reports Animals Humans Zebrafish reproductive and urinary physiology Embryonic Stem Cells Cell Proliferation Homeodomain Proteins biology Nanog Homeobox Protein Gene Expression Regulation Developmental Genetic Variation Cell Biology Hematology DNA Zebrafish Proteins biology.organism_classification Molecular biology Gene Knockdown Techniques embryonic structures Homeobox biological phenomena cell phenomena and immunity Leukemia inhibitory factor Developmental Biology Protein Binding |
| Zdroj: | Stem cells and development. 21(8) |
| ISSN: | 1557-8534 |
| Popis: | Nanog is a homeodomain transcription factor associated with the acquisition of pluripotency. Genome analyses of lower and higher vertebrates revealed that the existence of Nanog is restricted to gnathostomata but absent from agnatha and invertebrates. To elucidate the function of Nanog in nonmammalia, we identified the Danio rerio ortholog of Nanog and characterized its role in gain and loss of function experiments. We found Nanog to be crucial for survival of early zebrafish embryos, because depletion of Nanog led to gastrulation defects with subsequent lethality. Mouse Nanog overexpression could rescue these defects. Vice versa, zebrafish Nanog was found to promote proliferation and to inhibit differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells in the absence of leukemia inhibitory factor. These findings indicate functional conservation of Nanog from teleost fishes to mammals. However, Nanog was lost in the genome of the anurans Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that deletion probably occurred in a common anuran ancestor along with chromosomal translocations. The closest homologs of Nanog in Xenopus are the Vent proteins. We, therefore, investigated whether the Xvent genes might substitute for Nanog function in Xenopus. Although we found some similarities in phenotypes after overexpression and in the regulation of several marker genes, Xvent1/2 and Nanog cannot substitute each other. Depletion of Nanog in zebrafish cannot be rescued by ectopic expression of Xvent, and Xvent depletion in Xenopus cannot be overcome by ectopic expression of zebrafish Nanog. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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