Production of Inflected Novel Words in Older Adults With and Without Dementia

Autor: Sameer Ashaie, Jung Moon Hyun, Minna Lehtonen, Hilkka Soininen, Eve Higby, Alexandre Nikolaev, Tuomo Hänninen, Merja Hallikainen
Přispěvatelé: Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
NATIONAL INSTITUTE
Single-route models
Aging
MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT
515 Psychology
Cognitive Neuroscience
Bigram
LANGUAGE
Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
FREQUENCY
Language Development
050105 experimental psychology
DISEASE
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Artificial Intelligence
Phonological awareness
Inflection
Inflectional morphology
medicine
Finno-Ugric languages
Humans
Dementia
0501 psychology and cognitive sciences
6121 Languages
Phonological analogy
Aged
ACQUISITION
05 social sciences
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Cognition
Alzheimer's disease
ALZHEIMERS ASSOCIATION WORKGROUPS
Language acquisition
medicine.disease
Word lists by frequency
ELICITED-PRODUCTION
DIAGNOSTIC GUIDELINES
Comprehension
Psychology
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
VERB MORPHOLOGY
Cognitive psychology
Dual-route models
ISSN: 0364-0213
Popis: While cognitive changes in aging and neurodegenerative disease have been widely studied, language changes in these populations are less well understood. Inflecting novel words in a language with complex inflectional paradigms provides a good opportunity to observe how language processes change in normal and abnormal aging. Studies of language acquisition suggest that children inflect novel words based on their phonological similarity to real words they already know. It is unclear whether speakers continue to use the same strategy when encountering novel words throughout the lifespan or whether adult speakers apply symbolic rules. We administered a simple speech elicitation task involving Finnish‐conforming pseudo‐words and real Finnish words to healthy older adults, individuals with mild cognitive impairment, and individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) to investigate inflectional choices in these groups and how linguistic variables and disease severity predict inflection patterns. Phonological resemblance of novel words to both a regular and an irregular inflectional type, as well as bigram frequency of the novel words, significantly influenced participants' inflectional choices for novel words among the healthy elderly group and people with AD. The results support theories of inflection by phonological analogy (single‐route models) and contradict theories advocating for formal symbolic rules (dual‐route models). While cognitive changes in aging and neurodegenerative disease have been widely studied, language changes in these populations are less well understood. Inflecting novel words in a language with complex inflectional paradigms provides a good opportunity to observe how language processes change in normal and abnormal aging. Studies of language acquisition suggest that children inflect novel words based on their phonological similarity to real words they already know. It is unclear whether speakers continue to use the same strategy when encountering novel words throughout the lifespan or whether adult speakers apply symbolic rules. We administered a simple speech elicitation task involving Finnish-conforming pseudo-words and real Finnish words to healthy older adults, individuals with mild cognitive impairment, and individuals with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) to investigate inflectional choices in these groups and how linguistic variables and disease severity predict inflection patterns. Phonological resemblance of novel words to both a regular and an irregular inflectional type, as well as bigram frequency of the novel words, significantly influenced participants’ inflectional choices for novel words among the healthy elderly group and people with AD. The results support theories of inflection by phonological analogy (single-route models) and contradict theories advocating for formal symbolic rules (dual-route models).
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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