Implications of extra dimensions on the effective charge and the beta function in quantum electrodynamics
| Autor: | J. J. Toscano, E. Martínez-Pascual, H. Novales-Sánchez, G. I. Nápoles-Cañedo, A. Sierra-Martínez |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Physics
Photon Compactification (physics) 010308 nuclear & particles physics FOS: Physical sciences Vertex function Fermion 01 natural sciences Renormalization High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Dimensional regularization Extra dimensions High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph) Quantum electrodynamics 0103 physical sciences 010306 general physics Complex plane |
| Zdroj: | Physical Review D. 101 |
| ISSN: | 2470-0029 2470-0010 |
| DOI: | 10.1103/physrevd.101.035034 |
| Popis: | A comprehensive analysis on the photon self-energy, the fermion self-energy, and the fermion vertex function is presented at one loop in the context of quantum electrodynamics (QED) with 1 extra dimension. In 5-dimensional theories, characterized by an infinite number of Kaluza-Klein fields, one-loop amplitudes involve discrete as well as continuous sums, $\sum^\infty_{n=1}\int d^4k$, that could diverge. Using dimensional regularization, we express such sums as products of gamma and Epstein functions, both defined on the complex plane, with divergences arising from poles of these functions in the limit as $ D \to 4$. Using the analytical properties of the Epstein function, we show that the ultraviolet divergences generated by the Kaluza-Klein sums can be consistently renormalized, which means that the corresponding renormalized quantities reduce to the usual ones of QED at the limit of a very large compactification scale $R^{-1}$. The main features of QED at the one-loop level were studied. We use the mass-dependent $\mu$-scheme to calculate, in QED with an arbitrary number $n$ of extra dimensions, a beta function fulfilling all desirable physical requirements. We argue that in this type of theories, with a large mass spectrum covering a wide energy range, beta functions should not be calculated by using mass-independent renormalization schemes. We show that the beta function is finite for any energy $\mu$. In particular, it reduces to the usual QED result $e^3/12\pi^2$ for $m\ll \mu \ll R^{-1}$ and vanishes for $m\gg \mu$, with $m$ the usual fermion mass. Throughout the work, the decoupling nature of all our results obtained from the analytical properties of the Epstein function is stressed. Comment: Accepted for publication in Physical Review D, 24 pages, 6 figures |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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