Cyclophosphamide-induced leakage of gastrointestinal ammonia into the common bloodstream in rats
| Autor: | Vladimir L. Rejniuk, Jury Ju. Ivnitsky, Timur V. Schäfer |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2010 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Cyclophosphamide Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis medicine.medical_treatment Glutamine Pharmacology Toxicology Ammonia chemistry.chemical_compound Toxicity Tests medicine Animals Hyperammonemia Urea Saline Antineoplastic Agents Alkylating Chemical Health and Safety Behavior Animal Dose-Response Relationship Drug Chemistry Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health General Medicine Rats Gastrointestinal Tract Cytolysis Dose–response relationship Biochemistry Blood ammonia Injections Intraperitoneal medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Drug and chemical toxicology. 34(1) |
| ISSN: | 1525-6014 |
| Popis: | The kinetics of ammonia of gastrointestinal origin has been studied in rats in hematopoietic or neurovascular forms of acute lethal cyclophosphamide intoxication. Portal and caval blood ammonia, glutamine and urea, and blood markers of cytolysis were determined, and transperitoneal ammonia and glutamine fluxes were estimated after the single high-dose cyclophosphamide intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration. Within 3 hours after the administration of cyclophosphamide (200, 600, or 1,000 mg/kg), the portal ammonia level increased 1.4, 1.8, and 2.5 times, respectively; the ammonia level in v. cava caud. caudally of vv. renales inflow increased 1.5, 2.1, and 3.3 times, and cranially of vv. hepaticae, 1.8, 2.7, and 4.2 times, respectively; glutamine:ammonia and urea:ammonia ratios decreased. The rate of ammonia and glutamine accumulation in saline solution injected i.p. exceeded that in control rats dose dependently. At 18 hours after the administration of cyclophosphamide, the increased blood ammonia, glutamine and urea, and glutamine:ammonia ratio persisted. Therefore, in the rat, the high-dose i.p. administration of cyclophosphamide induces the early hyperammonemia, resulting from the enhanced transperitoneal diffusion of gastrointestinal ammonia into the blood, combined with the restriction of glutamine and urea synthesis. These alterations may contribute to neurological complications of myelosuppressive therapeutic regimens of cyclophosphamide administration. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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