Saponin Facilitates Anti-Robo1 Immunotoxin Cytotoxic Effects on Maxillary Sinus Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Autor: Takao Hamakubo, Tsuyoshi Takato, Takahiro Abe, Akira Horii, Kazuto Hoshi, Miku Komatsu, Noriko Komatsu, Riuko Ohashi
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: Journal of Oncology
Journal of Oncology, Vol 2020 (2020)
ISSN: 1687-8450
DOI: 10.1155/2020/9593516
Popis: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. The standard treatment of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy can result in long-term complications which lower the patient’s quality of life, such as eating disorders, speech problems, and disfiguring or otherwise untoward cosmetic issues. Antibody therapy against cancer-specific antigens is advantageous in terms of its lesser side effects achieved by its greater specificity, though the antitumor activity is still usually not enough to obtain a complete cure. Robo1, an axon guidance receptor, has received considerable attention as a possible drug target in various cancers. We have shown previously the enhanced cytotoxic effects of saporin-conjugated anti-Robo1 immunotoxin (IT-Robo1) on the HNSCC cell line HSQ-89 in combination with a photochemical internalization technique. Considering the light source, which has only limited tissue penetrance, we examined the drug internalization effect of saponin. Treatment with saponin facilitated significant cytotoxic effects of IT-Robo1 on HSQ-89 cells. Saponin exerts its own nonspecific cytotoxicity, which may cover the actual extent of the internalization effect. We thus examined whether a flashed treatment with saponin exerted a significant specific cytotoxic effect on cancer cells. The combination of an immunotoxin with saponin also exhibited a significant tumor-suppressive effect on mice HSQ-19 xenografts. These results suggest the utility of saponin treatment as an enhancer of immunotoxin treatment in cancer.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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