Mediating Effect of Muscle on the Relationship of Physical Activity and Bone
| Autor: | Vera Zymbal, Kathleen F. Janz, Steven M. Levy, Fátima Baptista, Elena M. Letuchy |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Male
musculoskeletal diseases Adolescent Physical activity Physiology Physical Therapy Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation Article Hip axis length 03 medical and health sciences Absorptiometry Photon 0302 clinical medicine Bone Density Accelerometry Humans Medicine Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Femur Longitudinal Studies Prospective Studies Exercise physiology Child Muscle Skeletal Prospective cohort study Exercise Bone mineral Bone Development Anthropometry Trochanter business.industry Soft tissue 030229 sport sciences Connective Tissue Child Preschool Female business |
| Zdroj: | Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 51:202-210 |
| ISSN: | 1530-0315 0195-9131 |
| DOI: | 10.1249/mss.0000000000001759 |
| Popis: | Purpose This study analyzed prospective associations between distinct trajectories of objectively measured physical activity (PA) and late adolescent bone parameters and explored the mediating effects of lean soft tissue, a surrogate of muscle mass to associations. Methods Physical activity was measured by accelerometry starting at age 5 yr and continuing at 8, 11, 13, 15, and 17 yr in approximately 524 participants from the Iowa Bone Development Study. Sex-specific group-based trajectory modeling was used to construct developmental trajectories of moderate- and vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA) from childhood to late adolescence. At age 17 yr, proximal femur bone mineral density (aBMD) was assessed by dual X-ray energy absorptiometry, and its distribution was calculated by aBMD ratios. Specific geometric measures of the proximal femur were assessed using hip structural analysis. Results A significant portion of the total effect of MVPA from age 5 to 17 yr on bone parameters at age 17 yr was explained by an increase in leg lean soft tissue in both sexes. For males and females, indirect effects were observed on the total and all regional proximal femur aBMD, and on the ratio between the inferomedial and superolateral neck aBMD. The effect on the ratio between the trochanter and the total proximal femur was specific to females, whereas the effect on the hip axis length was specific to males. Direct effects of MVPA on aBMD were identified only in males. Conclusions Using robust mediation analysis, this is the first study addressing the indirect effect (through muscle) of PA across childhood and adolescence on proximal femur bone parameters. To improve bone health at the proximal femur, the results suggest PA interventions during growth that increase muscle mass, particularly in females. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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