Inhibitory Influence of Enterococcus faecium on the Propagation of Swine Influenza A Virus In Vitro
| Autor: | Weidong Chai, Sven Twardziok, Zhenya Wang, Paul Wrede, Christiane Palissa, Michael F.G. Schmidt, Bettina Esch, Michael Burwinkel |
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| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Swine
Veterinary Microbiology Enterococcus faecium lcsh:Medicine medicine.disease_cause law.invention chemistry.chemical_compound Probiotic Influenza A Virus H1N1 Subtype law Influenza A virus lcsh:Science Immune Response Growth medium Multidisciplinary biology Zoonotic Diseases Viral Load Veterinary Diseases Medicine Cytokines Research Article Veterinary Medicine Cell Survival Immunology Nitric Oxide Microbiology Virus Veterinary Immunology Cell Line Animal Influenza Orthomyxoviridae Infections Virology medicine Animals Viability assay Biology Nutrition Influenza A Virus H3N2 Subtype Macrophages lcsh:R Epithelial Cells Veterinary Virology biology.organism_classification In vitro chemistry Gene Expression Regulation Cell culture lcsh:Q Veterinary Science Cattle |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE PLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 1, p e53043 (2013) |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0053043 |
| Popis: | The control of infectious diseases such as swine influenza viruses (SwIV) plays an important role in food production both from the animal health and from the public health point of view. Probiotic microorganisms and other health improving food supplements have been given increasing attention in recent years, but, no information on the effects of probiotics on swine influenza virus is available. Here we address this question by assessing the inhibitory potential of the probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 (E. faecium) on the replication of two porcine strains of influenza virus (H1N1 and H3N2 strain) in a continuous porcine macrophage cell line (3D4/21) and in MDBK cells. Cell cultures were treated with E. faecium at the non-toxic concentration of 1×10(6) CFU/ml in growth medium for 60 to 90 min before, during and after SwIV infection. After further incubation of cultures in probiotic-free growth medium, cell viability and virus propagation were determined at 48 h or 96 h post infection. The results obtained reveal an almost complete recovery of viability of SwIV infected cells and an inhibition of virus multiplication by up to four log units in the E. faecium treated cells. In both 3D4/21- and MDBK-cells a 60 min treatment with E. faecium stimulated nitric oxide (NO) release which is in line with published evidence for an antiviral function of NO. Furthermore, E. faecium caused a modified cellular expression of selected mediators of defence in 3D4-cells: while the expression of TNF-α, TLR-3 and IL-6 were decreased in the SwIV-infected and probiotic treated cells, IL-10 was found to be increased. Since we obtained experimental evidence for the direct adsorptive trapping of SwIV through E. faecium, this probiotic microorganism inhibits influenza viruses by at least two mechanisms, direct physical interaction and strengthening of innate defence at the cellular level. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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