The Combinatorial Effect of Acetate and Propionate on High-Fat Diet Induced Diabetic Inflammation or Metaflammation and T Cell Polarization
| Autor: | Dipeeka Mandaliya, Sweta Patel, Sriram Seshadri |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Male medicine.medical_specialty T-Lymphocytes Immunology Inflammation Butyrate Acetates Diet High-Fat Glucagon Diabetes Mellitus Experimental 03 medical and health sciences Mice 0302 clinical medicine Immune system Insulin resistance Internal medicine medicine Immunology and Allergy Animals chemistry.chemical_classification medicine.diagnostic_test Chemistry Cell Polarity Metabolism Glucose Tolerance Test medicine.disease Mice Inbred C57BL 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Propionate Drug Therapy Combination medicine.symptom Propionates Lipid profile |
| Zdroj: | Inflammation. 44(1) |
| ISSN: | 1573-2576 |
| Popis: | High-fat diet (HFD) alters the gut microbiota and its fermentation products mainly acetate, propionate, and butyrate. Butyrate is well studied as a regulator of host metabolism and inflammation while acetate and propionate still need to be studied. Therefore, we aim to decipher the role of acetate and propionate alone and in combination in HFD-induced diabetic mice. HFD was given to mice for 4 months followed by treatment of butyrate, acetate, and propionate as well as acetate + propionate in combination for 1 month. Diabetic outcome was confirmed by evaluating fasting glucose, lipid profile, oral glucose tolerance test, % HbA1c, fasting insulin, and glucagon. To check the immune response, spleen and mesenteric lymph node-specific T cell polarization and serum cytokine profile were studied. HFD-fed mice showed increased body weight and diabetic characteristics while treatment with acetate and propionate regulated their levels in a healthy manner similar to butyrate. In HFD-fed mice, Th1 and Th17 cells were increased while Treg cells were decreased along with increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and decreased IL-10 in serum. The T cell polarization and cytokine profile was reversed by the treatment of acetate and propionate alone and in combination. Acetate reduced the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 and acetate + propionate reduced IL-6 more significantly than butyrate. Although, we did not find any synergistic effect in combination group, the results were better compared with acetate, propionate, and butyrate. In conclusion, acetate + propionate effectively reduced inflammation and improved insulin sensitivity in HFD-induced diabetic mice. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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