Provitamin A-biofortified maize increases serum β-carotene, but not retinol, in marginally nourished children: a cluster-randomized trial in rural Zambia
| Autor: | Margia Arguello, Amanda Palmer, Ng'andwe Kalungwana, Justin Chileshe, Maithilee Mitra, Rolf Klemm, Bess L. Caswell, Maxwell A. Barffour, Ward Siamusantu, Keith P. West, Neal E. Craft, Ngosa Molobeka, Kerry Schulze |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Vitamin Male Rural Population medicine.medical_treatment Population Medicine (miscellaneous) Nutritional Status Zambia Orange (colour) Zea mays 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Animal science beta-Carotene Medicine Humans education Child Vitamin A education.field_of_study 030109 nutrition & dietetics Nutrition and Dietetics business.industry Vitamin A Deficiency Provitamin Carotene Provitamins Retinol medicine.disease beta Carotene Biotechnology Diet Vitamin A deficiency C-Reactive Protein Treatment Outcome chemistry Child Preschool Food Fortified Female business Edible Grain |
| Zdroj: | The American journal of clinical nutrition. 104(1) |
| ISSN: | 1938-3207 |
| Popis: | Background: Vitamin A deficiency remains a nutritional concern in sub-Saharan Africa. Conventionally bred maize hybrids with high provitamin A carotenoid concentrations may have the potential to improve vitamin A status in maize-consuming populations. Objective: We evaluated the efficacy of regular provitamin A carotenoid–biofortified “orange” maizemeal (∼15 μg β-carotene/g) consumption in improving vitamin A status and reducing vitamin A deficiency in children. Design: This was a cluster-randomized controlled trial in the rural farming district of Mkushi, Zambia. All 4- to 8-y-old children in an ∼400-km² area were identified and grouped by proximity into clusters of ∼15–25 children. We randomly assigned clusters to 1) orange maizemeal (n = 25), 2) white maizemeal (n = 25), or 3) a parallel, nonintervention group (n = 14). Children in intervention clusters (n = 1024) received 200 g maizemeal for 6 d/wk over 6 mo; the maizemeal was prepared according to standardized recipes and served in cluster-level kitchens. Staff recorded attendance and leftovers. We collected venous blood before and after the intervention to measure serum retinol, β-carotene, C-reactive protein, and α₁-acid glycoprotein. Results: Intervention groups were comparable at baseline, and vitamin A status was better than anticipated (12.1% deficient on the basis of serum retinol |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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