Reactive Astrocytes in Neurodegenerative Diseases
| Autor: | Song Qin, Kun‐Yu Li, Jialin C. Zheng, Jia‐Tong Li |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Central nervous system Review Cell Biology Biology Neuroprotection neuroinflammation Pathology and Forensic Medicine 03 medical and health sciences 030104 developmental biology 0302 clinical medicine medicine.anatomical_structure reactive astrocytes Synaptic plasticity medicine neurodegenerative diseases Soma Neurology (clinical) Geriatrics and Gerontology Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Neuroinflammation Homeostasis Function (biology) Astrocyte |
| Zdroj: | Aging and Disease |
| ISSN: | 2152-5250 |
| DOI: | 10.14336/ad.2018.0720 |
| Popis: | Astrocytes, the largest and most numerous glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS), play a variety of important roles in regulating homeostasis, increasing synaptic plasticity and providing neuroprotection, thus helping to maintain normal brain function. At the same time, astrocytes can participate in the inflammatory response and play a key role in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Reactive astrocytes are strongly induced by numerous pathological conditions in the CNS. Astrocyte reactivity is initially characterized by hypertrophy of soma and processes, triggered by different molecules. Recent studies have demonstrated that neuroinflammation and ischemia can elicit two different types of reactive astrocytes, termed A1s and A2s. However, in the case of astrocyte reactivity in different neurodegenerative diseases, the recently published research issues remain a high level of conflict and controversy. So far, we still know very little about whether and how the function or reactivity of astrocytes changes in the progression of different neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we aimed to briefly discuss recent studies highlighting the complex contribution of astrocytes in the process of various neurodegenerative diseases, which may provide us with new prospects for the development of an excellent therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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