Nursing care in the prevention of mental health disorders in adolescents
| Autor: | Grgić, Ilijana |
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| Rok vydání: | 2023 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Sestrinski glasnik Volume 28 Issue 1 |
| ISSN: | 1848-705X 1331-7563 |
| DOI: | 10.11608/sgnj.28.1.5 |
| Popis: | Adolescencija predstavlja prijelazno razdoblje između djetinjstva i odrasle dobi u kojoj se događaju razne emocionalne i kognitivne promjene praćene individualizacijom – razdobljem izgradnje vlastitog identiteta, vlastitih vrijednosti i stavova. Na globalnoj razini, procjenjuje se da 15 – 20 % adolescenata ima problem s poremećajima mentalnoga zdravlja među kojima su vodeći uzroci bolesti: poremećaji ponašanja, depresija i anksioznost. Kako bi se smanjio porast poremećaja mentalnoga zdravlja, Svjetska zdravstvena organizacija pokrenula je niz inicijativa s ciljem unaprjeđenja intervencija usmjerenih na razvoj skrbi adolescenata. Mentalni poremećaji treći su najčešći razlog posjete liječniku školske medicine u hrvatskim osnovnim i srednjim školama. U najčešće poremećaje mentalnoga zdravlja u adolescenata spadaju: afektivni i anksiozni poremećaji, psihotični poremećaji, poremećaji ponašanja, ovisnosti i poremećaji jedenja. Prioritetne i ključne strategije u očuvanju zdravlja čine programi prevencije mentalnih poremećaja usmjereni na osiguravanje psihosocijalne i individualne podrške. Jedna od najznačajnijih uloga medicinske sestre / medicinskog tehničara u prevenciji poremećaja mentalnoga zdravlja jest edukacija adolescenta, njegove obitelji i šire zajednice da bi se što bolje razumjeli adolescentovi osjećaji te na vrijeme uočile promjene u ponašanju koje bi mogle dovesti do razvoja poremećaja mentalnoga zdravlja. Procjena mentalnoga zdravlja adolescenta, holistički pristup, motivacijski i pozitivan odnos s adolescentom, aktivno slušanje, izgradnja terapijskog odnosa, razumijevanje i empatija te podrška predstavljaju sestrinsku skrb u prevenciji poremećaja mentalnoga zdravlja. Adolescence represents a transitional period between childhood and adulthood in which various emotional and cognitive changes occur, followed by individualization - a period of building one's own identity, values, and attitudes. Globally, it is estimated that 15-20% of adolescents have a problem with mental health disorders, among which the leading causes of the disease are: behavioral disorders, depression, and anxiety. To reduce the increase in mental health disorders, the World Health Organization launched a series of initiatives to improve interventions aimed at the development of adolescent care. Mental disorders are the third most common reason for visiting a school medicine doctor in Croatian primary and secondary schools. The most common mental health disorders in adolescents include affective and anxiety disorders, psychotic disorders, behavioral disorders, addictions, eating disorders, self-harm, and suicidal behavior. Priority and key strategies in the preservation of health are programs for the prevention of mental disorders aimed at providing psychosocial and individual support. One of the most important roles of the nurse/technician in the prevention of mental health disorders is the education of the adolescent, his family, and the wider community to better understand the adolescent's feelings and to spot changes in behavior that could lead to the development of mental health disorders. Assessment of the adolescent's mental health, holistic approach, motivational and positive relationship with the adolescent, active listening, building a therapeutic relationship, understanding and empathy, and support represent nursing care in the prevention of mental health disorders. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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