Using a multi-proxy approach to locate the elusive Phoenician/Persian anchorage of Tel Akko (Israel)
Autor: | Michal Artzy, Logan Bergevin, Paul Bauman, Matthieu Giaime, Amani Abu Hamid, Yossi Salmon, Harry M. Jol, Ethan Sailer-Haugland, Alastair McClymont, Gloria I. López |
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Přispěvatelé: | University of Haifa [Haifa], ICTA, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB) |
Rok vydání: | 2021 |
Předmět: |
010506 paleontology
[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory Coastal plain [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes Hellenistic period 010502 geochemistry & geophysics 01 natural sciences Natural (archaeology) law.invention Bronze Age law Peninsula Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) Radiocarbon dating [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment Geoarchaeology 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Earth-Surface Processes geography.geographical_feature_category Ostracods Geomorphology Ground penetrating radar (GPR) Sedimentology Archaeology [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society language.human_language Geography 2nd millennium BC language Phoenician Anchorages/harbors |
Zdroj: | Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Quaternary International Quaternary International, Elsevier, 2021, 602, pp.66-81. ⟨10.1016/j.quaint.2021.06.008⟩ |
ISSN: | 1040-6182 |
Popis: | Unidad de excelencia María de Maeztu CEX2019-000940-M Altres ajuts: acords transformatius de la UAB Previous geoarchaeological research on the Akko coastal plain have contributed to the understanding of the ancient coastal interface and added evidence as to the location/shift of the ancient anchorages dating from the Middle Bronze Age (beginning of the 2nd Millennium BC) to the Early Hellenistic period (mid of the 2nd century BC) of the ancient site of Tel Akko. The present research provides new insights into the environmental changes and likely anchorage sites along the western edge of Tel Akko in the 1st Millennium BC (Iron Age II and III, periods associated with the Phoenician mariners and Persian army incursion). Our approach for locating the anchorage is based on a detailed investigation of subsurface sediments combining sedimentological and faunal analysis and radiocarbon dating of cores as well as identification of ceramic sherds found in the cores, and ground penetrating radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) surveys. Paleoenvironmental changes are compared and contrasted with the results of the archaeological investigations on the tell and in its vicinity. Our new data demonstrates that the Phoenician/Persian maritime interface of Tel Akko was mainly oriented toward the southwestern area of the tell where a natural anchorage was likely to have been located. At that time, the water depth in this area was ca. 2m, allowing for the anchorage of seagoing vessels. Increasing sediment deposition lead to the deterioration of direct, and eventual loss of access, to the sea. These conditions initiated the abandonment of the tell in the Early Hellenistic period as well as the westward shift to habitation on the peninsula, now the 'Old city of Akko', the Crusaders' Saint Jean d'Acre. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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