Analysis of PM2.5 concentrations under pollutant emission control strategies in the metropolitan area of São Paulo, Brazil
| Autor: | Taciana Toledo de Almeida Albuquerque, Vitor de O Mateus, Davidson Martins Moreira, J. Jason West, Fábio Soares dos Santos, Rita Yuri Ynoue, Maria de Fátima Andrade, Erick Giovani Sperandio Nascimento, Rizzieri Pedruzzi, Jorge Martins, Willian Lemker Andreão, Felipe Marinho Maciel, Leila Droprinchinski Martins |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Pollutant
Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Air pollution General Medicine 010501 environmental sciences medicine.disease_cause Atmospheric sciences 01 natural sciences Pollution Aerosol chemistry.chemical_compound QUÍMICA ATMOSFÉRICA Nitrate chemistry medicine Environmental Chemistry Environmental science Emission inventory Air quality index NOx 0105 earth and related environmental sciences CMAQ |
| Zdroj: | Repositório Institucional da USP (Biblioteca Digital da Produção Intelectual) Universidade de São Paulo (USP) instacron:USP |
| Popis: | Great efforts have been made over the years to assess the effectiveness of air pollution controls in place in the metropolitan area of Sao Paulo (MASP), Brazil. In this work, the community multiscale air quality (CMAQ) model was used to evaluate the efficacy of emission control strategies in MASP, considering the spatial and temporal variability of fine particle concentration. Seven different emission scenarios were modeled to assess the relationship between the emission of precursors and ambient aerosol concentration, including a baseline emission inventory, and six sensitivity scenarios with emission reductions in relation to the baseline inventory: a 50% reduction in SO2 emissions; no SO2 emissions; a 50% reduction in SO2, NOx, and NH3 emissions; no sulfate (PSO4) particle emissions; no PSO4 and nitrate (PNO3) particle emissions; and no PNO3 emissions. Results show that ambient PM2.5 behavior is not linearly dependent on the emission of precursors. Variation levels in PM2.5 concentrations did not correspond to the reduction ratios applied to precursor emissions, mainly due to the contribution of organic and elemental carbon, and other secondary organic aerosol species. Reductions in SO2 emissions are less likely to be effective at reducing PM2.5 concentrations at the expected rate in many locations of the MASP. The largest reduction in ambient PM2.5 was obtained with the scenario that considered a reduction in 50% of SO2, NOx, and NH3 emissions (1 to 2 μg/m3 on average). It highlights the importance of considering the role of secondary organic aerosols and black carbon in the design of effective policies for ambient PM2.5 concentration control. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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