High Proportions of Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter spp. Isolates in a District in Western India: A Four-Year Antibiotic Susceptibility Study of Clinical Isolates
| Autor: | Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg, Sandeep S. Nerkar, Smita U. Khedkar, Uday Khedkar, Ingvild Odsbu, Ashok J. Tamhankar |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Veterinary medicine antibiotic resistance Tetracycline medicine.drug_class Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis 030106 microbiology Cephalosporin Antibiotics India lcsh:Medicine Microbial Sensitivity Tests beta-Lactamases Article 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Antibiotic resistance Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests multidrug resistance Drug Resistance Multiple Bacterial medicine Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Antibacterial agent Acinetobacter biology antibacterial susceptibility testing lcsh:R Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health biology.organism_classification Anti-Bacterial Agents Multiple drug resistance Multidrug resistant Acinetobacter Fluoroquinolones medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 15, Iss 1, p 153 (2018) International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health; Volume 15; Issue 1; Pages: 153 |
| ISSN: | 1660-4601 |
| Popis: | The purpose of the study was to determine the proportions of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter spp. isolates from the district of Nashik in Western India during the period from 2011–2014. Antibacterial susceptibility testing of isolates from inpatients and outpatients was performed using Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method to determine inhibitory zone diameters. Proportions of non-susceptible isolates were calculated from the antibacterial susceptibility data. MDR was defined as an isolate being non-susceptible to at least one antibacterial agent in at least three antibacterial categories. The change in proportions of MDR isolates; extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates; and non-susceptible isolates to specific antibacterial categories over calendar time was investigated by logistic regression. The proportions of MDR and ESBL-producing isolates ranged from 89.4% to 95.9% and from 87.9% to 94.0%; respectively. The proportions of non-susceptible isolates to aminoglycosides; carbapenems; antipseudomonal penicillins/β-lactamase inhibitors; cephalosporins; folate pathway inhibitors; or penicillins/β-lactamase inhibitors exceeded 77.5%. Proportions of fluoroquinolone and tetracycline non-susceptible isolates ranged from 65.3% to 83.3% and from 71.3% to 75.9%; respectively. No changes in trends were observed over time; except for a decreasing trend in fluoroquinolone non-susceptible isolates (OR = 0.75 (95% CI, 0.62–0.91)). Significantly higher proportions of non-susceptible; MDR and ESBL-producing isolates were found among isolates from the respiratory system compared to isolates from all other specimen types (p < 0.05). High proportions of MDR Acinetobacter spp. isolates were observed in the period from 2011–2014. Antimicrobial stewardship programmes are needed to prevent the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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