Activities against hemostatic proteins and adrenal gland ultrastructural changes caused by the brown widow spider Latrodectus geometricus (Araneae: Theridiidae) venom
| Autor: | Ivan Salvi, Elda E. Sánchez, Amalid Estrella, Carlos Ibarra, Antonio Roschman-González, Alexis Rodríguez-Acosta, Ana María Salazar, Matias Reyes-Lugo, Belsy Guerrero, Héctor J. Finol |
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| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Physiology Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Spider Venoms Venom Biology Toxicology Biochemistry Cell-Matrix Junctions Mice Microscopy Electron Transmission Internal medicine Cortex (anatomy) Spider Bites medicine Adrenal insufficiency Animals Envenomation Extracellular Matrix Proteins Hemostasis Mice Inbred BALB C Adrenal gland Adrenal cortex Cell Biology General Medicine medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Blood proteins medicine.anatomical_structure Endocrinology Adrenal Cortex Chromatography Gel Electrophoresis Polyacrylamide Gel Latrodectus geometricus Cell Adhesion Molecules |
| Zdroj: | Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicologypharmacology : CBP. 151(1) |
| ISSN: | 1532-0456 |
| Popis: | Brown widow spider (BrWS) ( Latrodectus geometricus ) venom produces intense systemic reactions such as cramps, harsh muscle nociceptive, nauseas, vomiting and hypertension. The proposed pathogenic mechanisms resulting in these accidents have principally been damages occurring at the nervous system. However, it is suspected that there is also damage of the adrenal glands, as a result of the experimental animal's clinical manifestations, which developed symptoms compatible with acute adrenal insufficiency. We have currently found that the adrenal gland is damaged by this venom gland homogenates (VGH) producing severe alterations on cortex cells resulting in death by acute adrenal insufficiency. In general, the ultrastructural study on the glands of mice under transmission electronic microscopy observations showed alterations in the majority of the intracellular membranes within 3 to 24 h. BrWSVGH also showed specific actions on extracellular matrix proteins such as fibronectin, laminin and fibrinogen. In addition, zymogram experiments using gelatin as substrates detected gelatinolytic activity. The molecular exclusion fractionation of crude BrWSVGH resulted in 15 fractions, of which F1 and F2 presented α/β-fibrinogenase and fibronectinolytic activities. Fractions F6, F14 and F15 showed only α-fibrinogenase activity; in contrast, the gelatinolytic action was only observed in fraction F11. Only metalloproteinase inhibitors abolished all these proteolytic activities. Our results suggest that adrenal cortex lesions may be relevant in the etiopathogenesis of severe brown widow spider envenoming. To our knowledge, this is the first report on adrenal gland damages, fibrinogenolytic activity and interrelations with cell-matrix adhesion proteins caused by L. geometricus VGH. The venom of this spider could be inducing hemostatic system damages on envenomed patients. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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