Defective Synapse Maturation and Enhanced Synaptic Plasticity in Shank2 Δex7-/- Mice
| Autor: | Arne Buschler, Sarah A. Shoichet, Chae-Seok Lim, Stephanie Wegener, Denise Manahan-Vaughan, Bong-Kiun Kaang, Sukjae Joshua Kang, A. Vanessa Stempel, Dietmar Schmitz |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Dendritic spine physiopathology [Autism Spectrum Disorder] Autism Spectrum Disorder Long-Term Potentiation Synaptogenesis physiology [Hippocampus] Shank2 protein mouse autism Nerve Tissue Proteins AMPA receptor Biology Hippocampus Synapse synapse Animals ddc:610 Receptors AMPA PSD genetics [Nerve Tissue Proteins] Mice Knockout maturation General Neuroscience 3.1 Long-term potentiation General Medicine New Research Mice Inbred C57BL Disease Models Animal shank Synapses Synaptic plasticity Disorders of the Nervous System genetics [Autism Spectrum Disorder] physiology [Nerve Tissue Proteins] LTP physiology [Synapses] Postsynaptic density Neuroscience Synapse maturation physiology [Receptors AMPA] |
| Zdroj: | eNeuro 5(3), ENEURO.0398-17.2018 (2018). doi:10.1523/ENEURO.0398-17.2018 eNeuro |
| Popis: | Visual Abstract Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are neurodevelopmental disorders with a strong genetic etiology. Since mutations in human SHANK genes have been found in patients with autism, genetic mouse models are used for a mechanistic understanding of ASDs and the development of therapeutic strategies. SHANKs are scaffold proteins in the postsynaptic density of mammalian excitatory synapses with proposed functions in synaptogenesis, regulation of dendritic spine morphology, and instruction of structural synaptic plasticity. In contrast to all studies so far on the function of SHANK proteins, we have previously observed enhanced synaptic plasticity in Shank2 Δex7−/− mice. In a series of experiments, we now reproduce these results, further explore the synaptic phenotype, and directly compare our model to the independently generated Shank2 Δex6-7−/− mice. Minimal stimulation experiments reveal that Shank2 Δex7−/− mice possess an excessive fraction of silent (i.e., α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid, short, AMPA receptor lacking) synapses. The synaptic maturation deficit emerges during the third postnatal week and constitutes a plausible mechanistic explanation for the mutants’ increased capacity for long-term potentiation, both in vivo and in vitro. A direct comparison with Shank2 Δex6-7−/− mice adds weight to the hypothesis that both mouse models show a different set of synaptic phenotypes, possibly due to differences in their genetic background. These findings add to the diversity of synaptic phenotypes in neurodevelopmental disorders and further support the supposed existence of “modifier genes” in the expression and inheritance of ASDs. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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