Comparative isotopic evidence from East Turkana supports a dietary shift within the genus Homo
| Autor: | Kaedan O'Brien, Tom Maddox, Maryse Biernat, Stephen R. Merritt, W. Andrew Barr, Kayla Allen, David B. Patterson, David R. Braun, Bernard Wood, Jonathan Reeves, Anna K. Behrensmeyer, Fredrick K. Manthi, Sarah E Morris, René Bobe, Sophie B. Lehmann |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Mammals
010506 paleontology Ecology biology Hominidae Fossils Context (language use) 010502 geochemistry & geophysics biology.organism_classification 01 natural sciences Kenya Theropithecus Diet Taxon Geography Genus Period (geology) Paranthropus Animals Homo erectus Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| Zdroj: | Nature ecologyevolution. 3(7) |
| ISSN: | 2397-334X |
| Popis: | It has been suggested that a shift in diet is one of the key adaptations that distinguishes the genus Homo from earlier hominins, but recent stable isotopic analyses of fossils attributed to Homo in the Turkana Basin show an increase in the consumption of C4 resources circa 1.65 million years ago, significantly after the earliest evidence for Homo in the eastern African fossil record. These data are consistent with ingesting more C4 plants, more animal tissues of C4 herbivores, or both, but it is also possible that this change reflects factors unrelated to changes in the palaeobiology of the genus Homo. Here we use new and published carbon and oxygen isotopic data (n = 999) taken from large-bodied fossil mammals, and pedogenic carbonates in fossil soils, from East Turkana in northern Kenya to investigate the context of this change in the isotope signal within Homo. By targeting taxa and temporal intervals unrepresented or undersampled in previous analyses, we were able to conduct the first comprehensive analysis of the ecological context of hominin diet at East Turkana during a period crucial for detecting any dietary and related behavioural differences between early Homo (H. habilis and/or H. rudolfensis) and Homo erectus. Our analyses suggest that the genus Homo underwent a dietary shift (as indicated by δ13Cena and δ18Oena values) that is (1) unrelated to changes in the East Turkana vegetation community and (2) unlike patterns found in other East Turkana large mammals, including Paranthropus and Theropithecus. These data suggest that within the Turkana Basin a dietary shift occurred well after we see the first evidence of early Homo in the region. Carbon and oxygen isotope analysis of sediments and soils from hominin locales in Kenya coupled with results from hominin taxa suggest that a dietary shift from C3 to C4 resources occurred in the genus Homo circa 1.65 million years ago despite palaeoenvironmental continuity. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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