Optimism and Social Support Predict Healthier Adult Behaviors Despite Socially Disadvantaged Childhoods
| Autor: | Stephen L. Buka, Eric B. Loucks, Stephen E. Gilman, Laura D. Kubzansky, Jorge Carlos Román, Allison A. Appleton, Elizabeth S Clausing, Amy L. Non |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Health Status Health Behavior Body Mass Index Social support 0302 clinical medicine Social disadvantage Psychology 030212 general & internal medicine Aetiology Child Applied Psychology media_common Pediatric Smoking Middle Aged Health psychology Mental Health Psychosocial factors Public Health and Health Services Female Public Health social and economic factors Diet Healthy 0305 other medical science Psychosocial Adult Risk Pediatric Research Initiative media_common.quotation_subject Vulnerable Populations Article 03 medical and health sciences Optimism Clinical Research 2.3 Psychological Behavioral and Social Science Humans Health behaviors Socioeconomic status Disadvantage Nutrition Healthy 030505 public health Prevention Social Support Diet Good Health and Well Being Relative risk Self Report Body mass index Demography |
| Zdroj: | Int J Behav Med International journal of behavioral medicine, vol 27, iss 2 |
| ISSN: | 1532-7558 |
| Popis: | BACKGROUND: Studies have shown adverse effects of a disadvantaged childhood on adult health-promoting behaviors and related outcomes. Optimism and social support have been linked to greater likelihood of engaging in healthy behavior, but it is unclear whether these positive psychosocial factors may buffer harmful effects of early adversity. This study aims to determine if optimism and social support in adulthood can modify effects of childhood disadvantage on health behavior-related outcomes. METHODS: Longitudinal data were analyzed from a subset of participants in a US birth cohort established in 1959–1966 (ns of 681–840, per outcome). An index of childhood social disadvantage was derived from adverse socioeconomic and family stability factors reported by mothers at child’s birth and age 7 years. Health behavior-related outcomes were self-reported when participants were of mean age 47 years. Multivariable adjusted robust Poisson regressions were performed. RESULTS: Regardless of level of childhood social disadvantage, we found higher levels of optimism and social support were both associated with higher probabilities of being a non-smoker (relative risk [RR](optimism) = 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.09–1.26; RR(social support) = 1.24, 95%CI = 1.11–1.39), having a healthy diet (RR(optimism) = 1.25, 95%CI = 1.10–1.43; RR(social support) = 1.27, 95%CI = 1.04–1.56), and a healthy body mass index (RR(optimism) = 1.18, 95%CI = 1.00–1.40; RR(social support) = 1.29, 95%CI = 1.00–1.66). Interactions link higher optimism or social support with lower risk of smoking among those with moderate childhood disadvantage. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, these findings are consistent with the possibility that positive psychosocial resources contribute to maintaining a healthy lifestyle in mid-adulthood and may buffer effects of childhood social disadvantage. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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