Human hypocretin and melanin-concentrating hormone levels are linked to emotion and social interaction
| Autor: | Ashley M. Blouin, Charles L. Wilson, Hoa A. Lam, Karl A E Karlsson, Nigel T. Maidment, Jerome M. Siegel, Itzhak Fried, Richard J. Staba, Jennifer L. Lapierre, Eric Behnke |
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| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Time Factors Melanin-concentrating hormone Cataplexy Microdialysis Emotions General Physics and Astronomy chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine 0303 health sciences Hypothalamic Hormones Multidisciplinary Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins Middle Aged Amygdala Electrodes Implanted medicine.anatomical_structure Female Wakefulness medicine.symptom Sleep onset Psychology psychological phenomena and processes Adult medicine.medical_specialty Sleep induction Hypothalamus Article General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Arousal Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences Internal medicine medicine Animals Humans Interpersonal Relations 030304 developmental biology Melanins Behavior Orexins Neuropeptides General Chemistry Social relation Rats Pituitary Hormones Endocrinology chemistry Sleep 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Nature communications |
| ISSN: | 2041-1723 |
| Popis: | The neurochemical changes underlying human emotions and social behaviour are largely unknown. Here we report on the changes in the levels of two hypothalamic neuropeptides, hypocretin-1 and melanin-concentrating hormone, measured in the human amygdala. We show that hypocretin-1 levels are maximal during positive emotion, social interaction and anger, behaviours that induce cataplexy in human narcoleptics. In contrast, melanin-concentrating hormone levels are minimal during social interaction, but are increased after eating. Both peptides are at minimal levels during periods of postoperative pain despite high levels of arousal. Melanin-concentrating hormone levels increase at sleep onset, consistent with a role in sleep induction, whereas hypocretin-1 levels increase at wake onset, consistent with a role in wake induction. Levels of these two peptides in humans are not simply linked to arousal, but rather to specific emotions and state transitions. Other arousal systems may be similarly emotionally specialized. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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