Bioethanol Blending Reduces Nanoparticle, PAH, and Alkyl- and Nitro-PAH Emissions and the Genotoxic Potential of Exhaust from a Gasoline Direct Injection Flex-Fuel Vehicle
| Autor: | Jan Czerwinski, María Isabel Vera Muñoz, Pierre Comte, Peter Honegger, Kerstin Zeyer, Regula Haag, Norbert V. Heeb, Joachim Mohn |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Engine power
Particle number Waste management 020209 energy 02 engineering and technology General Chemistry 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Soot Biofuel E85 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering Flexible-fuel vehicle Fuel efficiency Nanoparticles Environmental Chemistry Environmental science Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Gasoline Gasoline direct injection Vehicle Emissions 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| Zdroj: | Environmental Science & Technology. 50:11853-11861 |
| ISSN: | 1520-5851 0013-936X |
| DOI: | 10.1021/acs.est.6b02606 |
| Popis: | Bioethanol as an alternative fuel is widely used as a substitute for gasoline and also in gasoline direct injection (GDI) vehicles, which are quickly replacing traditional port-fuel injection (PFI) vehicles. Better fuel efficiency and increased engine power are reported advantages of GDI vehicles. However, increased emissions of soot-like nanoparticles are also associated with GDI technology with yet unknown health impacts. In this study, we compare emissions of a flex-fuel Euro-5 GDI vehicle operated with gasoline (E0) and two ethanol/gasoline blends (E10 and E85) under transient and steady driving conditions and report effects on particle, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), and alkyl- and nitro-PAH emissions and assess their genotoxic potential. Particle number emissions when operating the vehicle in the hWLTC (hot started worldwide harmonized light-duty vehicle test cycle) with E10 and E85 were lowered by 97 and 96% compared with that of E0. CO emissions dropped by 81 and 87%, while CO2 emissions w... |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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