Meiotic Cellular Rejuvenation is Coupled to Nuclear Remodeling in Budding Yeast
| Autor: | Jennifer G Schick, Kent L. McDonald, Jay S Goodman, Keerthana Chetlapalli, Danielle M. Jorgens, Elçin Ünal, Grant A King |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Senescence
Life on Land QH301-705.5 Macromolecular Substances Nucleolus Science 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning S. cerevisiae Time-Lapse Imaging Fluorescence General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology protein aggregation Biological Factors 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Meiosis Underpinning research nuclear pore complex Extrachromosomal DNA cell biology Compartment (development) Biology (General) nucleolus quality control Nuclear pore 030304 developmental biology Microscopy 0303 health sciences General Immunology and Microbiology Chemistry Prevention General Neuroscience Meiosis II aging Cell Biology General Medicine Cell biology Microscopy Fluorescence Generic Health Relevance Cytoplasm Saccharomycetales Medicine Biochemistry and Cell Biology Nucleoporin 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Research Article |
| Zdroj: | eLife eLife, Vol 8 (2019) |
| DOI: | 10.1101/602433 |
| Popis: | Production of healthy gametes in meiosis relies on the quality control and proper distribution of both nuclear and cytoplasmic contents. Meiotic differentiation naturally eliminates age-induced cellular damage by an unknown mechanism. Using time-lapse fluorescence microscopy in budding yeast, we found that nuclear senescence factors – including protein aggregates, extrachromosomal ribosomal DNA circles, and abnormal nucleolar material – are sequestered away from chromosomes during meiosis II and subsequently eliminated. A similar sequestration and elimination process occurs for the core subunits of the nuclear pore complex in both young and aged cells. Nuclear envelope remodeling drives the formation of a membranous compartment containing the sequestered material. Importantly, de novo generation of plasma membrane is required for the sequestration event, preventing the inheritance of long-lived nucleoporins and senescence factors into the newly formed gametes. Our study uncovers a new mechanism of nuclear quality control and provides insight into its function in meiotic cellular rejuvenation. eLife digest The cells of living organisms accumulate damage as they age. Some of this age-associated damage is found around the organism’s DNA. However, when genetic material is passed on during sexual reproduction, newly born offspring avoid inheriting this age-induced damage. This ensures that the progeny are ‘re-set’ with a fresh lifespan that is independent from their parents’ age. A lot of what is known about aging has come from studying budding yeast. Yeast cells can undergo a process called meiosis and divide into four cells known as gametes, which are the equivalents of human sperm and egg. During meiosis, the structure that surrounds the cell’s genetic material – known as the nuclear membrane – remains intact, surrounding the DNA as it separates into four distinct parts. As the cell divides, age-associated factors that were originally present in the parent are not inherited by the gametes, but it remains unclear how this occurs. Now, King, Goodman et al. have investigated this process by attaching fluorescent labels to specific aging factors and tracking how they are distributed inside yeast cells undergoing meiosis. This revealed that age-associated factors were physically sequestered away from the inherited genetic material during meiosis. King, Goodman et al. found that as the nuclear membrane remodeled itself around the genetic material of the four gametes, the damage became confined to a fifth previously unknown membrane-bound compartment. Once outside of the gametes, the aging factors were then selectively destroyed by enzymes released from the parent cell. All cells age, and many of the mechanisms underlying these processes are similar across species and cell types. A better understanding of how cells age, and of the process by which gametes are able to sequester and eliminate age-induced damage, may help guide efforts to combat aging in other cells. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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