Executive function in children with prenatal cocaine exposure (12–15 years)
| Autor: | Sonia Minnes, Meeyoung O. Min, Miaoping Wu, Lynn T. Singer, Elizabeth J. Short, Susan Yoon, Adelaide Lang |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Adolescent Metacognition Toxicology Affect (psychology) Article Developmental psychology Executive Function 03 medical and health sciences Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience 0302 clinical medicine Cocaine Developmental Neuroscience Metacognition Index Pregnancy Humans 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Child Prefrontal cortex Problem Behavior Working memory 05 social sciences Cognition Prenatal cocaine exposure Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function Caregivers Socioeconomic Factors Adolescent Behavior Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects Female Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery 050104 developmental & child psychology Clinical psychology |
| Zdroj: | Neurotoxicology and Teratology. 57:79-86 |
| ISSN: | 0892-0362 |
| Popis: | Prenatal exposure to cocaine (PCE) may alter areas of the brain dense with monoamine receptors such as the prefrontal cortex and negatively affect cognitive processes implicated in executive function (EF). This study investigated the effects of PCE on EF at 12 and 15years.EF was examined in 189 PCE and 183 non-cocaine exposed (NCE) children who were primarily African American and of low socioeconomic status. Caregivers rated their child on the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) at ages 12 and 15. The BRIEF includes two summary scales and eight subscales: Behavioral Regulation Index (BRI) (Inhibit, Shift, and Emotion) and Metacognition Index (MI) (Monitor, Working Memory, Plan/Organize, Organization of Materials and Task Completion). Two additional measures were included at age 15 (BRIEF Self-Report and the CANTAB Stockings of Cambridge (SOC)).Girls with PCE were perceived by caregivers to have more behavioral regulation problems at age 12 (p0.005) and more metacognitive problems at age 12 (p0.003) than NCE females, but there was no association for males. PCE girls improved in behavioral regulation (p0.05) and metacognition (p0.04) from 12 to 15years compared to NCE girls based on caregiver report. By self-report PCE was associated with problems of inhibition (p0.006). Girls with PCE performed more poorly on number of moves to complete the SOC, requiring planning and problem solving, than NCE girls.Prenatally cocaine exposed girls were perceived by caregivers as having problems of behavioral regulation, and by self-report, inhibitory control problems. Girls with PCE also performed more poorly on a task of planning and problem solving at age 15 which corresponded to caregiver report at age 12. Early assessment and remediation of these weaknesses in girls may improve school performance and behavior associated with poor EF. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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