The clinical impact of multiple prevention strategies for respiratory syncytial virus infections in infants and high-risk toddlers in the United States
| Autor: | Varun Ektare, John Lang, Yoonyoung Choi, Lyn Finelli |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: |
General Veterinary
General Immunology and Microbiology Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Antibodies Monoclonal Infant Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections Antiviral Agents United States Hospitalization Infectious Diseases Child Preschool Respiratory Syncytial Virus Human Molecular Medicine Humans Respiratory Tract Infections Aged Palivizumab |
| Zdroj: | Vaccine. 40(42) |
| ISSN: | 1873-2518 |
| Popis: | Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) remains a leading cause of medically-attended acute respiratory infection in infants and children. With multiple preventative interventions under development, accurate estimates of health care resource utilization are essential for policy decision making.We developed a literature-based decision-tree model that estimated annual medically-attended RSV (MA-RSV) lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) and non-LRTI episodes in the US for all infants and for high-risk toddlers. The model accounted for the gestational age and birth-month of infants, and the seasonal variation in RSV incidence. The impact of no prophylaxis, palivizumab, maternal vaccine, and long-acting monoclonal antibody (mAb) interventions was estimated.We estimated 1.23 million (range: 0.96 million-1.40 million) annual MA-RSV LRTI/non-LRTI episodes comprised of 1.19 million (range: 0.93 million-1.36 million) emergency department (ED) and outpatient visits, and 39,040 (range: 32,726-45,851) hospitalizations. Outpatient and ED visits were comprised of 586,034 (range: 430,595-718,868) LRTIs and 608,733 (range: 495,705-644,658) non-LRTIs. The long-acting mAb intervention resulted in the greatest number of averted outpatient and ED episodes (310,997 [53%] LRTIs; 284,305 [47%] non-LRTIs) and hospitalizations (21,845 [56%]). Full-term infants constitute the highest proportion of episodes across all interventions.MA-RSV disease is substantial in infants and high-risk toddlers. Long-acting mAbs are most effective at reducing the number of MA-RSV LRTI/non-LRTI episodes, and the only intervention that prevents disease in older infants (≥6 months old). |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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